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Cited by 77

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year.

Anti-malarial drugs: possible mechanisms of action in autoimmune disease and prospects for drug development

Fox, R·1996·Lupus
DOI 10.1177/0961203396005001031
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Abstract

A wide variety of mechanisms of anti-rheumatic action have been proposed for antimalarial agents. The molecular actions of chloroquine have been most thoroughly studied in vitro and in vivo, but it is likely that hydroxychloroquine works by a similar mechanism. Both agents are weak diprotic bases that can pass through the lipid cell membrane and preferentially concentrate in acidic cyto-plasmic vesicles. The resulting slight elevation of pH within these vesicles in macrophages or other antigen-presenting cells may influence the immune response to autoantigens. We hypothesize that anti-malarial agents influence the association of autoantigenic peptides with class II MHC molecules in the compartment for peptide loading and/or the subsequent processing and transport of the peptide-MHC complex to the cell membrane. This model of anti-malarial action provides a method to test additional drugs for their ability to modulate the immune response.

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Crossref · 10.1177/0961203396005001031

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  • In phagocytic cells, deacidification of endosomes using chloroquine reduces endosomal toll-like receptor response.

    “In phagocytic cells, the deacidification of endosomes using pharmacological inhibitors like chloroquine has been shown to reduce endosomal toll-like receptor (TLR) response (de Bouteiller et al., 2005; Fox, 2019; Kuznik et al., 2011; Wozniacka et al., 2006; Yang et al., 2016)”

    From NHE6 depletion corrects ApoE4-mediated synaptic impairments and reduces amyloid plaque load (2021) · cites this paper as Fox, 2019

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Research works printed but not linked: 41

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Metadata

Authors
Fox, R.
Affiliations
Division of Rheumatology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California
Venue
Lupus
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
1996-06
Volume
5
Issue
1_suppl
Pages
4-10
ISSN
  • 0961-2033
  • 1477-0962
DOI
10.1177/0961203396005001031
Cited by
77
References
0
Language
en
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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