17α-Hydroxylase (CYP17) Expression and Subsequent Androstenedione Production in the Human Ovary
Abstract
Traditionally, in women, only the theca cells in the ovary and the zona reticularis layer of the adrenal cortex are believed to synthesize androgens. Interestingly, their neighboring cell layers, the granulosa cells and the zona glomerulosa cells, respectively, do not produce androgens. Recent literature has highlighted the role of the activator protein (AP-1) transcription factor, c-Fos, in the dynamics of this structural and functional relationship. Differential expression of c-Fos is believed to result in distinct patterns of steroidogenesis among these compartments in both the ovary and the adrenal glands. Clinically, deficient c-Fos levels have been implicated in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this review, we discuss the pivotal role of c-Fos in controlling the expression of CYP17 and hence androgen production in various organ systems throughout the human body.
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These precursors diffuse into the adjacent theca cells, which express CYP17A1 and HSD3B2 (but express only low levels of CYP11A1), and serve as substrates for the production of A4.
“These precursors diffuse into the adjacent theca cells, which express CYP17A1 and HSD3B2 (but express only low levels of CYP11A1), and serve as substrates for the production of A4 (Patel et al., 2010).”
From Intracrine androgen biosynthesis, metabolism and action revisited (2018) · cites this paper as Patel et al., 2010
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References 22 · Cited by 32
- Authors
- Patel, S. S., Beshay, V. E., Escobar, J. C., & Carr, B. R.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Patel, Satin S.
- ORCID
- Escobar, Julian C.
- Venue
- Reproductive Sciences
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 978-986
- ISSN
- 1933-7191 (ISSN-L)
- 1933-7205
- OpenAlex
- W2023631591
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Reproductive Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- CYP17, 17α-hydroxylase, androstenedione, human ovary, c-fos, AP-1 transcription factor, steroidogenesis, theca cells, granulosa cells, zona glomerulosa, polycystic ovary syndrome, adrenal cortex, androgen production
- MeSH terms
- Androstenedione, Female, Humans, Ovary, Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
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