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Sufficient sleep duration contributes to lower cardiovascular disease risk in addition to four traditional lifestyle factors: the MORGEN study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The contribution of sufficient sleep duration to lower CVD risk in addition to sufficient physical activity, a healthy diet, (moderate) alcohol consumption, and non-smoking has not been investigated yet. DESIGN: The MORGEN study is a prospective cohort study including 8128 men and 9759 women aged 20-65 years, free of CVD at baseline. METHODS: Sufficient physical activity (≥3.5 h/week cycling or sports), a healthy diet (Mediterranean Diet Score ≥5), (moderate) alcohol consumption (≥1 beverage/month), non-smoking, and sufficient sleep duration (≥7 hours) were assessed by self-administered questionnaires between 1994 and 1997. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were ascertained through linkage with national registers. Hazard ratios and preventable proportions were calculated adjusted for age, sex, and educational level. RESULTS: During 10-14 years of follow up, 607 composite CVD events (fatal CVD, nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke) occurred, of which 129 were fatal. Those with the four traditional healthy lifestyle factors had a 57% lower risk of composite CVD (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.31-0.59) and a 67% lower risk of fatal CVD (HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.16-0.68) compared with those with none or one healthy lifestyle factor. Sleeping sufficiently in addition to the four traditional lifestyle factors resulted in a 65% lower risk of composite CVD (HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.23-0.52), and an 83% lower risk of fatal CVD (HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.07-0.43). CONCLUSIONS: Sufficient sleep and adherence to all four traditional healthy lifestyle factors was associated with lower CVD risk. When sufficient sleep duration was added to the traditional lifestyle factors, the risk of CVD was further reduced.
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“those individuals who slept ≤6 hours had a 15% higher risk of CVD incidence and a 23% higher risk of CHD incidence compared to people who slept 7-8 hours.”
From Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016) · cites this paper as [22]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hoevenaar-Blom, M. P., Spijkerman, A. M., Kromhout, D., & Verschuren, W. M.
- Affiliations
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (NL)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Verschuren, WM Monique
- Venue
- European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-07-03
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1367-1375
- ISSN
- 2047-4873 (ISSN-L)
- 2047-4881
- OpenAlex
- W2152370758
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 8.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Preventive Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Rivm (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health and Lifestyle Studies
- Keywords
- sleep duration, cardiovascular risk, healthy lifestyle factors, physical activity, Mediterranean diet, alcohol consumption, non-smoking, fatal cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stroke
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Netherlands, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Registries, Risk Factors, Sleep, Smoking, Time Factors, Incidence, Risk Assessment, Diet, Mediterranean, Risk Reduction Behavior, Young Adult, Protective Factors
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