The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The technofossil record of humans
Open accessAbstract
As humans have colonised and modified the Earth’s surface, they have developed progressively more sophisticated tools and technologies. These underpin a new kind of stratigraphy, that we term technostratigraphy, marked by the geologically accelerated evolution and diversification of technofossils – the preservable material remains of the technosphere (Haff, 2013), driven by human purpose and transmitted cultural memory, and with the dynamics of an emergent system. The technosphere, present in some form for most of the Quaternary, shows several thresholds. Its expansion and transcontinental synchronisation in the mid 20th century has produced a global technostratigraphy that combines very high time-resolution, great geometrical complexity and wide (including transplanetary) extent. Technostratigraphy can help characterise the deposits of a potential Anthropocene Epoch and its emergence marks a step change in planetary mode.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“these so-called technofossils ( 28 ) provide annual to decadal stratigraphic resolution ( 22, 19 ), far greater than can be obtained from first and last appearances of fossil taxa, which have traditionally provided the most common means of correlating stratal sections ( 29 ).”
From The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene (2016) · cites this paper as [28]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A safe operating space for humanity
Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S., Lambin, E. F., Lenton, T. M., Scheffer, M., Folke, C., Schellnhuber, H. J., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/461472a · Cited by 13,333
Crutzen, P. J. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415023a · Cited by 4,788
The Climate of History: Four Theses
Chakrabarty, D. (2008) · Critical Inquiry · doi:10.1086/596640 · Cited by 4,072
Harland, W. B. (1982) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · Cited by 3,806
The Anthropocene: Are Humans Now Overwhelming the Great Forces of Nature
Steffen, W., Crutzen, P. J., & McNeill, J. R. (2007) · AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment · doi:10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[614:taahno]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 3,487
Systematics and the Origin of Species
National Academy of Sciences (2005) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/11310 · Cited by 3,451
Occurrence, behavior and effects of nanoparticles in the environment
Nowack, B., & Bucheli, T. D. (2007) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.006 · Cited by 2,341
The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship
Steffen, W., Persson, Å., Deutsch, L., Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., Richardson, K., Crumley, C. L., Crutzen, P. J., Folke, C., Gordon, L. J., et al. (2011) · AMBIO · doi:10.1007/s13280-011-0185-x · Cited by 1,887
Self-citationClassify plastic waste as hazardous
Rochman, C. M., Browne, M. A., Halpern, B. S., Hentschel, B. T., Hoh, E., Karapanagioti, H. K., Rios-Mendoza, L. M., Takada, H., Teh, S., & Thompson, R. C. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/494169a · Cited by 1,752
A new geomagnetic polarity time scale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic
Cande, S. C., & Kent, D. V. (1992) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/92jb01202 · Cited by 1,518
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Ford JR, A Stratigraphical Basis for the Anthropocene
- Ratcliffe BC, 1980, Journal of Paleontology, 54, 614
- Toffler A, 1970, Future Shock
- Wilkinson IP, A Stratigraphical Basis for the Anthropocene
- Zalasiewicz J, A Stratigraphical Basis for the Anthropocene
- Zalasiewicz J, A Stratigraphical Basis for the Anthropocene
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–272 of 272
Waters, C. N., Zalasiewicz, J., & Turner, S. D. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-25910-4_58
Self-citationDer Begriff der planetaren Grenzen
Wallenhorst, N. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-61444-6_3
Sedimentary terrestrial records of global environmental change
Moreno, A., Valero-Garces, B. L., Frugone‐Álvarez, M., Bartolomé, M., de Vera, A. V., Bernal-Wormull, J. L., & PaleoIPE Group (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13215-5.00017-6
Cultural Resonance—Loss of Orientation, Fears, and Hope
Antweiler, C. (2024) · Anthropocene - humanities and social sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-74591-1_2
End-Time Stories—Mostly Dramatic Framings
Antweiler, C. (2024) · Anthropocene - humanities and social sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-74591-1_3
A mid-20th century onset for the Anthropocene
Zalasiewicz, J., Head, M. J., Turner, S. D., Waters, C. N., & Williams, M. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-14082-2.00031-4
Self-citationBohle, M., Holzer, B., Sklair, L., & Will, F. (2025) · Emerging globalities and civilizational perspectives · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-85175-9_2
Sur, M. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.06
(2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.01
Lee, G. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.29
Elinoff, E., & Rubaii, K. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.02
McCormick, R. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.22
Elinoff, E. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.03
(2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.42
Schwenkel, C. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.37
Rubin, E. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.27
Harvey, P. M., & Smith, C. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.04
Gandy, M. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.26
Abourahme, N. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.15
Dvorak, G. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.14
Cypher, R. A. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.10
Archambault, J. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.28
Lam, T. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.32
Zeiderman, A. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.07
Peterson, M. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.30
Rubaii, K. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.41
Chettri, M. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.18
Byrne, D. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.16
Sirikiatikul, P. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.08
Whitington, J. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.39
Haynes, N. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.25
Jerstad, H. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.24
Stolz, R. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.21
Sharif, L. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.34
Hartblay, C. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.09
Zareei, M. H. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.40
Vaughan, T. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.31
Edgeworth, M. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.12
McDuie‐Ra, D. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.35
Bowers, R. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.19
Harms, E. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.20
Simonetti, C. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.38
Oakes, T. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.11
Lamb, V. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.17
Brownell, E. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.33
Gastrow, C. (2025) · Punctum Books · doi:10.53288/0405.1.05
Giacobbe, S., & Somma, R. (2025) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2025.1570025
METAPHORICAL NEOLOGISMS IN ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Kramar, N., & Ilchenko, O. (2024) · Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ» Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» · doi:10.25264/2519-2558-2024-21(89)-20-24
What will future geologic stratigraphers use as boundary markers of the Anthropocene?
Wagreich, M. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-14082-2.00148-4
Rangel-Buitrago, N. G. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13559-0.00010-8
Plastics in the geological record
Rangel-Buitrago, N. G. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13559-0.00003-0
The climate crisis and EU in the Anthropocene: May European Green Deal affect asbestos removal?
Wilk, E., & Krówczyńska, M. (2025) · The Anthropocene Review · doi:10.1177/20530196251399162
Refashioning Origins in the Anthropocene III: Archaeological Didactics for Postdigital Bildung
Brite, E. B., Prasad, A., Sanborn, M., & Reynolds, J. (2026) · Anthropocenes – Human Inhuman Posthuman · doi:10.16997/ahip.2039
Mobility and Ecology in the Ancient Mediterranean
Schliephake, C. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-51703-7_98-1
Arcadies altérées, territoires de l'enquête et vocation de l'art en Anthropocène
Duperrex, M. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/4763c19fz88c1z437cz9495z9bba220d0260
Economic Growth and Landscape Change: Unraveling the Development Path of Local Systems
Salvati, L., Konaxis, I., & Maialetti, M. (2026) · Advances in spatial science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-25263-0_5
Pathak, G. (2026) · Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Environmental Science · doi:10.1093/9780197851432.003.0938
Mahaswa, R. K. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197852729.003.0040
Modelling the Anthropocene: A brief and partial history
Turnbull, T. M. (2026) · The Anthropocene Review · doi:10.1177/20530196261472817
Już kiedyś w to grałem. Procesualność i niezmienność ruin gier wideo.
Gnat, T. (2026) · Studia Humanistyczne/Studia Humanistyczne AGH · doi:10.7494/human.2026.25.1.8015
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-004
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-001
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-007
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-005
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-008
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-003
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-006
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-002
(2026) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478062530-009
Archaeology’s Golden Opportunity: Transforming the Science of Global Environmental Change
Klassen, S., Ellis, E. C., Ortman, S. G., & Rick, T. C. (2026) · American Antiquity · doi:10.1017/aaq.2026.10219
The Geology of Conflict —How Middle East crisis is reshaping Earth's new technofossils
Kundu, B. (2026) · Anthropocene · doi:10.1016/j.ancene.2026.100588
Metadata
- Authors
- Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., Waters, C. N., Barnosky, A. D., & Haff, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Leicester (GB)
- British Geological Survey (GB)
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (US)
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- The Anthropocene Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-01-07
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 34-43
- ISSN
- 2053-0196 (ISSN-L)
- 2053-020X
- OpenAlex
- W2161092780
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8
- FWCI
- 17.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Locations
- The Anthropocene Review (publishedVersion)
- NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council) (acceptedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Natural Environment Research Council (bgs05001)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil and Environmental Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
- Keywords
- technosphere, Anthropocene, anthropogenic landscapes, cultural memory, Quaternary
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review