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Cited by 208

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Redox reactions related to indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway

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Thomas, S.R., Stocker, R.·1999·Redox Report
DOI 10.1179/135100099101534927
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Abstract

The heme enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) oxidizes the pyrrole moiety of L-tryptophan (Trp) and other indoleamines and represents the initial and rate-limiting enzyme of the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway. IDO is a unique enzyme in that it can utilize superoxide anion radical (O2*- ) as both a substrate and a co-factor. The latter role is due to the ability of O2*- to reduce inactive ferric-IDO to the active ferrous form. Nitrogen monoxide (*NO) and H2O2 inhibit the dioxygenase and various inter-relationships between the nitric oxide synthase- and IDO-initiated amino acid degradative pathways exist. Induction of IDO and metabolism of Trp along the Kyn pathway is implicated in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, including anti-microbial and anti-tumor defense, neuropathology, immunoregulation and antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity may arise from O2*- scavenging by IDO and formation of the potent radical scavengers and Kyn pathway metabolites, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine. Under certain conditions, these aminophenols and other Kyn pathway metabolites may exhibit pro-oxidant activities. This article reviews findings indicating that redox reactions are involved in the regulation of IDO and Trp metabolism along the Kyn pathway and also participate in the biological activities exhibited by Kyn pathway metabolites.

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Metadata

Authors
Thomas, S. R., & Stocker, R.
Venue
Redox Report
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1999-10
Volume
4
Issue
5
Pages
199-220
ISSN
  • 1351-0002 (ISSN-L)
  • 1743-2928
DOI
10.1179/135100099101534927
OpenAlex
W2120343652
Cited by
208
References
8
FWCI
1.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Redox reactions related to indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1179/135100099101534927
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Thomas, S. R., & Stocker, R. (1999). Redox reactions related to indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway. Redox Report. https://doi.org/10.1179/135100099101534927

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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