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Cited by 146Advanced Welding Techniques AnalysisWelding Techniques and Residual StressesAluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties

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Formation and distribution of brittle structures in friction stir welding of aluminium and copper: influence of process parameters

Galvão, I, Oliveira, JC, Loureiro, A, Rodrigues, DM·2011·Science and Technology of Welding and Joining
DOI 10.1179/1362171811y.0000000057
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Abstract

Morphological, metallographic and structural analyses of aluminium–copper dissimilar welds produced under different friction stir welding conditions were conducted in order to analyse the mechanisms of intermetallic phases formation, its relation with welding conditions and its consequences in the weld structure and morphology. Under lower heat input conditions, only a thin intermetallic layer distributed along the aluminium/copper interface was depicted inside the nugget. Increasing the heat input promoted material mixing and formation of increasing amounts of intermetallic rich structures. The intermetallic phase content and the homogeneity of the mixed area increased with increasing heat input, evolving from structures containing Al, Cu, CuAl2 and Cu9Al4 to structures predominantly composed of Cu9Al4 and Cu(Al). In order to explain these results, the mechanisms of intermetallic phases formation are discussed, taking into account the process parameters and material flow mechanisms in friction stir welding. Important relations between intermetallic formation and weld surface morphology were also found.

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Research works printed but not linked: 27

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Metadata

Authors
Galvão, I., Oliveira, J., Loureiro, A., & Rodrigues, D.
Affiliations
  • University of Coimbra (PT)
  • CEMUC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Luís Reis Santos, Coimbra 3030-788, Portugal
ORCID
Venue
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2011-11
Volume
16
Issue
8
Pages
681-689
ISSN
  • 1362-1718 (ISSN-L)
  • 1743-2936
DOI
10.1179/1362171811y.0000000057
OpenAlex
W2167258430
Cited by
146
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
FWCI
7.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
Science and Technology of Welding & Joining (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Metals and Alloys › Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties
Keywords
friction stir welding, intermetallic compounds, CuAl2, Cu9Al4, heat input, material mixing, weld nugget microstructure, brittle structures, process parameters

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