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Cited by 462

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 149 of the 149 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Open access
Celli, B. R., Barnes, P. J.·2007·European Respiratory Journal

Abstract

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are of major importance in terms of their prolonged detrimental effects on patients, the acceleration in disease progression and high healthcare costs. There is still debate about how exacerbations should be defined and graded, and their mechanisms are poorly understood. The major causal agents are either bacteria or viral infections, or a combination of the two. Noninfective causes include air pollution and pulmonary embolus but, in some patients, no cause is identified. Exacerbations represent an increase in the inflammation that is present in the stable state, with increased numbers of inflammatory cells (particularly neutrophils), cytokines, chemokines and proteases in the airways, and increased concentrations of certain cytokines and C-reactive protein in the blood. There are presently no reliable biomarkers with which to predict exacerbations. Exacerbations have a long-lasting adverse influence on health status. High doses of bronchodilators are the mainstay of treatment and systemic corticosteroids have some benefit. The routine use of antibiotics remains controversial but they are of benefit with exacerbations of a bacterial origin. Noninvasive ventilation is beneficial in preventing the need for intubation and its important complications but it is not certain whether its use in stable patients prevents exacerbations. Although important advances have been made, more effective treatments are needed in the future for prevention and treatment of exacerbations.

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Metadata

Authors
Celli, B. R., & Barnes, P. J.
Venue
European Respiratory Journal
Published
2007-05-31
Volume
29
Issue
6
Pages
1224-1238
ISSN
  • 0903-1936 (ISSN-L)
  • 1399-3003
OpenAlex
W2125522165
Cited by
462
References
149
FWCI
25.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1183/09031936.00109906
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Celli, B. R., & Barnes, P. J. (2007). Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. European Respiratory Journal. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00109906

Data sources

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.