CO2 response and pattern of breathing in patients with symptomatic hyperventilation, compared to asthmatic and normal subjects
Open accessAbstract
We studied six patients with symptomatic hyperventilation, using new techniques to quantify baseline variability of respiratory variables, and to assess CO2 sensitivity around the control point using a stimulus not detectable by the subject. We compared them with six normal subjects and six patients with mild asthma. Symptomatic hyperventilators had normal mean ventilation and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (PETCO2) at rest. Asthmatic subjects had higher ventilation and lower PETCO2. Symptomatic hyperventilators had a larger number of sighs and abnormally wide fluctuations in baseline for inspiratory time, expiratory time, and PETCO2. These could not be explained by an abnormal ventilatory response to a transient CO2 input; the transient response near the control point was undoubtedly normal.
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Periodic deep sighing is linked to asthma and panic disorder.
“| Periodic deep sighing | 12 | [8, 9, 45–47] | Asthma Panic disorder |”
From Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification (2016) · cites this paper as [45]
The Sighs section (page unavailable) reports that sighs were most frequent in patients with symptomatic hyperventilation, while asthmatic subjects sighed about as often as controls—not an asthma-specific link. The paper does not identify its symptomatic-hyperventilation patients as having panic disorder, so it does not establish that part of the claim either. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSighing is more frequent (up to 15 times in a 15 min period) and associated with dyspnoea in those with dysfunctional breathing.
“Sighing occurs in healthy individuals and asthmatics, but is more frequent (up to 15 times in a 15 min period) and associated with dyspnoea in those with dysfunctional breathing [8, 45, 46, 61].”
From Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification (2016) · cites this paper as [45]
The Sighs section reports sighs in healthy controls and asthmatics and a higher frequency in patients with symptomatic hyperventilation. It gives a range of 4–18 sighs per run, not an upper limit of 15 in 15 minutes. The Subjects section reports breathing discomfort in these patients, but does not establish that sighing itself was associated with dyspnoea. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSighing occurs in healthy individuals and asthmatics.
“Sighing occurs in healthy individuals and asthmatics, but is more frequent (up to 15 times in a 15 min period) and associated with dyspnoea in those with dysfunctional breathing [8, 45, 46, 61].”
From Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification (2016) · cites this paper as [45]
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Research works printed but not linked: 17
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification
Boulding, R., Stacey, R., Niven, R., & Fowler, S. J. (2016) · European Respiratory Review · doi:10.1183/16000617.0088-2015 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Hyperventilation in panic disorder and asthma: Empirical evidence and clinical strategies
Meuret, A. E., & Ritz, T. (2010) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.05.006 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hormbrey, J., Jacobi, M., Patil, C., & Saunders, K.
- Affiliations
- St George's Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- European Respiratory Journal
- Publisher
- European Respiratory Society (ERS)
- Published
- 1988-10-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 846-851
- ISSN
- 0903-1936 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-3003
- OpenAlex
- W2115704320
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Respiratory Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- hyperventilation, carbon dioxide sensitivity, respiratory control, asthma, end-tidal carbon dioxide, respiratory variation, sighs, ventilatory response to CO2, control points
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Asthma, Carbon Dioxide, Female, Humans, Hyperventilation, Male, Pulmonary Gas Exchange, Respiration, Respiratory Function Tests
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