The dual role of the neuroinflammatory response after ischemic stroke: Modulatory effects of hypothermia
Open accessAbstract
Neuroinflammation is a key element in the ischemic cascade after cerebral ischemia that results in cell damage and death in the subacute phase. However, anti-inflammatory drugs do not improve outcome in clinical settings suggesting that the neuroinflammatory response after an ischemic stroke is not entirely detrimental. This review describes the different key players in neuroinflammation and their possible detrimental and protective effects in stroke. Because of its inhibitory influence on several pathways of the ischemic cascade, hypothermia has been introduced as a promising neuroprotective strategy. This review also discusses the influence of hypothermia on the neuroinflammatory response. We conclude that hypothermia exerts both stimulating and inhibiting effects on different aspects of neuroinflammation and hypothesize that these effects are key to neuroprotection.
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Alzheimer's disease is also induced by neuroinflammation processes that occur as a brain immune barrier.
“AD is also induced by neuroinflammation processes that occur as a brain immune barrier [117,154].”
From Multi-Target Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Protein Aggregation (2022) · cites this paper as [154]
The neuroinflammatory immune response causes invasion of the glia by circulating immune cells and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, chemokines, and ROS.
“This immune response causes both an invasion of the glia by circulating immune cells and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL) IL-1β and IL-6-, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), chemokines, and ROS.”
From Multi-Target Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Protein Aggregation (2022) · cites this paper as [154]
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References 188 · Cited by 351
- Authors
- Ceulemans, A.-G., Zgavc, T., Kooijman, R., Hachimi-Idrissi, S., Sarre, S., & Michotte, Y.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Sarre, Sophie
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroinflammation
- Published
- 2010-11-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 74-74
- ISSN
- 1742-2094 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2988764
- OpenAlex
- W2111354263
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 188
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 1.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroinflammation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (G.0215.08)
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (G.0215.08)
- Vlaamse regering
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Keywords
- neuroinflammation, ischemic stroke, hypothermia, neuroprotection, cerebral ischemia, anti-inflammatory agents, ischemic cascade
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Brain Ischemia, Humans, Hypothermia, Induced, Inflammation, Integrins, Cytokines, Reactive Oxygen Species, Neuroprotective Agents, Chemokines, Stroke, Matrix Metalloproteinases, HMGB Proteins
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