Role of adhesion molecules and inflammation in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infected mouse brain
Open accessAbstract
Background: Neuroinvasion of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) and subsequent initiation of inflammation in the brain plays a crucial role in the outcome of VEEV infection in mice. Adhesion molecules expressed on microvascular endothelial cells in the brain have been implicated in the modulation of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and inflammation in brain but their role in VEEV pathogenesis is not very well understood. In this study, we evaluated the expression of extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules genes in the brain of VEEV infected mice. Findings: Several cell to cell adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix protein genes such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1, CD44, Cadherins, integrins, MMPs and Timp1 were differentially regulated post-VEEV infection. ICAM-1 knock-out (IKO) mice infected with VEEV had markedly reduced inflammation in the brain and demonstrated a delay in the onset of clinical symptoms of disease. A differential regulation of inflammatory genes was observed in the IKO mice brain compared to their WT counterparts. Conclusions: These results improve our present understanding of VEEV induced inflammation in mouse brain.
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Activation of hippocampal astrocytes and microglia leads to encephalitis and neurological damage.
“which is well characterized to lead to encephalitis and neurological damage (Cain et al., 2017; Sharma et al., 2011).”
From Arbovirus infection increases the risk for the development of neurodegenerative disease pathology in the murine model (2024) · cites this paper as Sharma et al., 2011
The Findings (page not provided) report brain inflammation and neurological symptoms in VEEV-infected mice; the Figure 1 description also notes VEEV antigen in glia. They do not establish that activation of hippocampal astrocytes and microglia causes encephalitis or neurological damage. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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References 23 · Cited by 46
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- Authors
- Sharma, A., Bhomia, M., Honnold, S. P., & Maheshwari, R. K.
- Affiliations
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Maheshwari, Radha K
- Venue
- Virology Journal
- Published
- 2011-04-29
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 197-197
- ISSN
- 1743-422X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3113303
- OpenAlex
- W2074282276
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Virology Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Keywords
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, neuroinvasion, neuroinflammation, adhesion molecules, ICAM-1, blood-brain barrier, extracellular matrix, microvascular endothelial cells, integrins, cadherins, matrix metalloproteinases, TIMP-1, CD44, viral pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Disease Models, Animal, Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine, Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine, Histocytochemistry, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation, Microscopy, Rodent Diseases, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Mice, Knockout, Gene Expression Profiling, Mice
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