The co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide among adolescents: distinguishing risk factors and psychosocial correlates
Open accessAbstract
Although attempted suicide and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are distinct behaviors differing in intent, form, and function, the behaviors co-occur at a high rate in both adults and adolescents. Researchers have begun to investigate the association between attempted suicide and NSSI among adolescents. The purpose of this paper is to present current research on this association. First, we discuss definitional issues associated with self-injurious behaviors. Next, we present research on the co-occurrence of attempted suicide and NSSI, including prevalence and associations with self-injury characteristics. We then discuss psychosocial variables associated with engaging in both NSSI and attempted suicide or one type of self-injury alone. Finally, we present the research to date on risk factors uniquely associated with either attempted suicide or NSSI. Implications for mental health professionals and future avenues of research are discussed.
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Non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide co-occur at a high level among young people.
“recent research has shown a high level of co-occurance between NSSI and attempted suicide, in particular among young people (Andover 2012).”
From Interventions for self-harm in children and adolescents (2021) · cites this paper as Andover 2012
Both low self-esteem and self-criticism have been linked to NSSI; poor self-esteem, along with weak coping strategies, appears to mediate the relationship between personality pathology and self-injury.
“Both low self-esteem [122, 123] and self-criticism [124–127] have been linked to NSSI; poor self-esteem, in particular, appears (along with weak coping strategies) to mediate the relationship between personality pathology and self-injury [128].”
From A 'choice', an 'addiction', a way 'out of the lost': Exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability (2019) · cites this paper as [123]
Citation [128] is attached to the claim that poor self-esteem and weak coping strategies mediate the relationship between personality pathology and self-injury. The Background section reports lower self-esteem among adolescents with histories of both NSSI and attempted suicide than among those with NSSI alone, but neither that passage nor searches for mediation and coping establish the claimed mediating relationship. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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References 45 · Cited by 271
- Authors
- Andover, M. S., Morris, B. W., Wren, A., & Bruzzese, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Fordham University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Andover, Margaret S
- ORCID
- Andover, Margaret S
- Venue
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health
- Published
- 2012-03-30
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11-11
- ISSN
- 1753-2000 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3379960
- OpenAlex
- W2123780400
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 22.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- non-suicidal self-injury, suicide attempts, adolescents, risk factors, psychosocial correlates, prevalence, suicide prevention
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