L-carnitine ameliorated fatty liver in high-calorie diet/STZ-induced type 2 diabetic mice by improving mitochondrial function
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: There are an increasing number of patients suffering from fatty liver caused by type 2 diabetes. We intended to study the preventive and therapeutic effect of L-carnitine (LC) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: Thirty male Kungming mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group, diabetic group, pre-treatment group (125 mg/kg BW), low-dose (125 mg/kg BW) therapeutic group and high-dose (250 mg/kg BW) therapeutic group. The morphology of hepatocytes was observed by light and electron microscopy. LC and ALC (acetyl L-carnitine) concentrations in the liver were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, liver weight, insulin levels and free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) levels in the liver and plasma were measured. RESULTS: Average liver LC and ALC levels were 33.7% and 20% lower, respectively, in diabetic mice compared to control mice (P < 0.05). After preventive and therapeutic treatment with LC, less hepatocyte steatosis, clearer crista and fewer glycogen granules in the mitochondria were observed. Decreased liver weight, TG levels, and FFA concentrations (P < 0.05) in the liver were also observed after treatment with LC in diabetic mice. Moreover, liver LC and ALC levels increased upon treatment with LC, whereas the ratio of LC and ALC decreased significantly (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: LC supplements ameliorated fatty liver in type 2 diabetic mice by increasing fatty acid oxidation and decreasing the LC/ALC ratio in the liver. Therefore, oral administration of LC protected mitochondrial function in liver.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In patients with T2DM, carnitine acetyltransferase expression is severely perturbed, and free carnitine concentrations in diabetic mice are decreased compared with controls.
“In patients with T2DM, carnitine acetyltransferase expression is severely perturbed and free carnitine concentrations in diabetic mice are decreased compared with controls (243, 244).”
From Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease (2018) · cites this paper as [244]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 44 · Cited by 53
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Bloomgarden ZT Second World Congress on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome: insulin resistance syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Diabetes Care 2005 28 1518 1523 10.2337/diacare.28.6.1518 15920084 · DOI
- Lupi R Dotta F Marselli L Del GS Masini M Santangelo C Patane G Boggi U Piro S Anello M Prolonged exposure to free fatty acids has cytostatic and pro-apoptotic effects on human pancreatic islets: evidence that beta-cell death is caspase mediated, partially dependent on ceramide pathway, and Bcl-2 regulated Diabetes 2002 51 1437 1442 10.2337/diabetes.51.5.1437 11978640 · DOI
- Authors
- Xia, Y., Li, Q., Zhong, W., Dong, J., Wang, Z., & Wang, C.
- Affiliations
- Qingdao University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Dong, Jing
- Venue
- Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
- Published
- 2011-11-15
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-31
- ISSN
- 1758-5996 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3226540
- OpenAlex
- W2145842201
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31071013)
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Keywords
- L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, streptozotocin-induced diabetes, mitochondrial function, fatty acid oxidation, hepatic steatosis, triglycerides, free fatty acids, insulin
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
