The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A qualitative study exploring the determinants of maternal health service uptake in post-conflict Burundi and Northern Uganda
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Armed conflict has been described as an important contributor to the social determinants of health and a driver of health inequity, including maternal health. These conflicts may severely reduce access to maternal health services and, as a consequence, lead to poor maternal health outcomes for a period extending beyond the conflict itself. As such, understanding how maternal health-seeking behaviour and utilisation of maternal health services can be improved in post-conflict societies is of crucial importance. This study aims to explore the determinants (barriers and facilitators) of women's uptake of maternal, sexual and reproductive health services (MSRHS) in two post-conflict settings in sub-Saharan Africa; Burundi and Northern Uganda, and how uptake is affected by exposure to armed conflict. METHODS: This is a qualitative study that utilised in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) for data collection. One hundred and fifteen participants took part in the interviews and FGDs across the two study settings. Participants were women of reproductive age, local health providers and staff of non-governmental organizations. Issues explored included the factors affecting women's utilisation of a range of MSRHS vis-à-vis conflict exposure. The framework method, making use of both inductive and deductive approaches, was used for analyzing the data. RESULTS: A complex and inter-related set of factors affect women's utilisation of MSRHS in post-conflict settings. Exposure to armed conflict affects women's utilisation of these services mainly through impeding women's health seeking behaviour and community perception of health services. The factors identified cut across the individual, socio-cultural, and political and health system spheres, and the main determinants include women's fear of developing pregnancy-related complications, status of women empowerment and support at the household and community levels, removal of user-fees, proximity to the health facility, and attitude of health providers. CONCLUSIONS: Improving women's uptake of MSRHS in post-conflict settings requires health system strengthening initiatives that address the barriers across the individual, socio-cultural, and political and health system spheres. While addressing financial barriers to access is crucial, attention should be paid to non-financial barriers as well. The goal should be to develop an equitable and sustainable health system.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Adverse social and health impacts of armed conflict, beyond direct loss of lives on the battlefield, commonly include nutrition-related child stunting and wasting, increased disease exposure, reduced availability and use of health clinics, loss of schooling, mental trauma, and lowered life satisfaction (137-142).”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Gale, N. K., Heath, G., Cameron, E., Rashid, S., & Redwood, S. (2013) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-13-117 · Cited by 10,865
Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health
Marmot, M. G., Friel, S., Bell, R., Houweling, T. A. J., & Taylor, S. A. J. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61690-6 · Cited by 8,473
The Millennium Development Goals Report 2014
United Nations, U. N. (2016) · Human Rights Documents online · doi:10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9927-2014005 · Cited by 2,270
Hogan, M. C., Foreman, K. J., Naghavi, M., Ahn, S. Y., Wang, M., Makela, S. M., Lopez, A. D., Lozano, R., & Murray, C. J. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60518-1 · Cited by 2,194
Colombo, D. G. E. (2010) · Revista de Direito Sanitário · doi:10.11606/issn.2316-9044.v10i3p253-266 · Cited by 1,787
Violent Conflict and Behavior: A Field Experiment in Burundi
Voors, M. J., Nillesen, E., Verwimp, P., Bulte, E., Lensink, R., & Soest, D. P. V. (2012) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.102.2.941 · Cited by 989
Civil Wars Kill and Maim People—Long After the Shooting Stops
Ghobarah, H. A., Huth, P. D., & Russett, B. M. (2003) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055403000613 · Cited by 709
The Millennium Development Goals Report 2014
Nations, U. (2014) · Millennium Development Goals Report · doi:10.18356/bb4c0cc6-en · Cited by 598
Joshi, C., Torvaldsen, S., Hodgson, R., & Hayen, A. D. (2014) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-94 · Cited by 419
Maternal Mortality for 181 Countries, 1980−2008
Hogan, M. C., Foreman, K. J., Naghavi, M., Ahn, S. Y., Wang, M., Makela, S. M., López, A. D., Lozano, R., & Murray, C. J. L. (2011) · Obstetric Anesthesia Digest · doi:10.1097/01.aoa.0000397097.96320.28 · Cited by 387
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Watts S, Siddiqi S, Shukrullah A, Karim K, Serag H. Social determinants of health in countries in conflict and crises: the eastern Mediterranean perspective. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007.
- Uganda National Bureau of Statistics. Uganda National Household Survey 2009/2010. Kampala: UNBS; 2010.
- RHRC Consortium. Emergency Obstetric Care: Critical Need among Populations Affected by Conflict. New York: RHRC Consortium; 2004.
- Hadi A, Rahman T, Khuram D, Ahmed J, Alam A. Raising institutional delivery in war-torn communities: experience of BRAC in Afghanistan. Asia Pac J Fam Med. 2007;6(1):51.
- World Bank. Burundi’s national performance based financing (PBF) program: results based financing at the world bank. Washington DC: World Bank; 2011. https://www.rbfhealth.org/sites/rbf/files/Burundi_country_example.pdf .
- Ministry of Health Uganda. Mapping and Assessment of Health Services Availability in Northern Uganda: A Tool for Health Co-ordination and Planning. Kampala, Uganda: Ministry of Health, Uganda; 2006.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kassebaum, N. J., Barber, R. M., Bhutta, Z. A., Dandona, L., Gething, P. W., Hay, S. I., Kinfu, Y., Larson, H. J., Liang, X., Lim, S. S., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31470-2 · Cited by 1,210
Barriers to Accessing Maternal Care in Low Income Countries in Africa: A Systematic Review.
Dahab, R., & Sakellariou, D. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17124292 · Cited by 335
Downe, S. M., Finlayson, K. W., Tunçalp, Ö., & Gülmezoglu, A. M. (2015) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.13819 · Cited by 261
A spatial database of health facilities managed by the public health sector in sub Saharan Africa
Maina, J., Ouma, P., Macharia, P. M., Alegana, V. A., Mitto, B., Fall, I. S., Noor, A. M., Snow, R. W., & Okiro, E. A. (2019) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-019-0142-2 · Cited by 205
Banke-Thomas, O., Banke-Thomas, A. O., & Ameh, C. (2017) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1246-3 · Cited by 202
Metadata
- Authors
- Chi, P. C., Bulage, P., Urdal, H., & Sundby, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- International Organization for Migration (CH)
- Peace Research Institute Oslo (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Chi, Primus Che
- Venue
- BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
- Published
- 2015-02-05
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18-18
- ISSN
- 1471-2393 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4327793
- OpenAlex
- W2055795844
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 9.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- European Commission (263905)
- Universitetet i Oslo
- Norges Forskningsråd (230861)
- Folke Bernadotteakademin
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Conflict Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- post-conflict societies, armed conflict exposure, health-seeking behavior, barriers and facilitators, women's empowerment, health system strengthening, user fees, clinician attitudes, health disparities, Burundi, Northern Uganda
- MeSH terms
- Maternal Health, Armed Conflicts, Adult, Burundi, Female, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Maternal Health Services, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Pregnancy, Uganda, Focus Groups, Reproductive Health Services, Qualitative Research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
