Association between self-care agency and depression and anxiety in patients with diabetic retinopathy
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: This study aimed at investigating: 1) the relationship between self-care agency and depression and anxiety; 2) the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with depression and anxiety in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. One-hundred and five patients with DR were recruited. Self-care agency was assessed by the exercise of self-care agency (ESCA) scale. Depression and anxiety were assessed by the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS-D and HADS-A). Pearson or Spearman correlations were performed to assess the association between self-care agency and depression and anxiety. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the contribution of the sociodemographic and clinical factors to depression and anxiety. RESULTS: Thirty-six (34.3%) and 43 (41.1%) patients exhibited depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Only 24 (22.9%) patients showed a high self-care agency. The ESCA total and subscale scores were negatively correlated depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). Self-care skills were negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms (P < 0.05). ESCA total score, rural residence, history of hypertension and visual acuity were associated with depression; self-care skills and diastolic blood pressure were associated with anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Self-care agency negatively correlates with depression and anxiety in patients with DR. Special attention should be paid to patients living in rural areas and/or those having a history of hypertension when assessing depression and anxiety in patients with DR. Future studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between self-care agency and depression and anxiety.
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Anxiety and depression in DR patients reduce their quality of life.
“It not only threatens the physical and mental health of DR patients, but also reduces the quality of life of patients.[9–12]”
From The effect of psychotherapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in patients with diabetic retinopathy: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [27]
The Background says elevated depression and anxiety can increase disease burden and impede glucose control in patients with diabetic retinopathy. The Discussion links self-care to quality of life and says depression may undermine self-care, but the paper does not establish that anxiety and depression reduce these patients’ quality of life. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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References 32 · Cited by 30
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [9]Orem DE: Nursing: concepts of practice, 6th ed. Mosby, St. Louis.; 2001.
- Authors
- Zhang, B., Wang, Q., Zhang, X., Jiang, L., Li, L., & Liu, B.
- Affiliations
- Central South University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Lezhi
- Venue
- BMC Ophthalmology
- Published
- 2021-03-06
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 123-123
- ISSN
- 1471-2415 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7937259
- OpenAlex
- W3134964181
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 3.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Ophthalmology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Hunan Normal University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Keywords
- self-care agency, diabetic retinopathy, depression, anxiety, self-care ability, rural residence, hypertension, diastolic blood pressure, visual acuity, sociodemographic factors
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Retinopathy, Humans, Self Care
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