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Study comparing 3 hour and 24 hour post-operative removal of bladder catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal surgery: a randomised controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Traditional practice after vaginal hysterectomy was to keep the vaginal pack and urinary catheter for 24 hours post operatively. But there were studies that prolonged cathterisation was associated with urinary infection. So this study was conducted to compare the post operative outcome when the urinary catheter and vaginal pack were removed after 3 hours and after 24 hours after surgery. METHODS: The study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, in a tertiary teaching institute of South India from September 2008 to March 2010. It was a randomised controlled trial involving 200 women undergoing vaginal surgery, who were randomly assigned to 2 groups - catheter and vaginal pack were removed either in 3 h in study group or were removed in 24 h in control group. The outcome of the study were vaginal bleeding, urinary retention, febrile morbidity, and urinary infection. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the study and control groups with respect to vaginal bleeding (0 and 1%, p = 1), urinary retention (9 and 4%, p = 0.15), febrile morbidity (7 and 4%, p = 0.35), and urinary infection (26% in each group, p = 1.0). CONCLUSION: Keeping the urinary catheter and vaginal pack for 24 h following vaginal surgery does not offer any additional benefit against removing them after 3 h.
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“Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk No statement”
From Perioperative interventions in pelvic organ prolapse surgery (2025) · cites this paper as Rajan 2017
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Research works printed but not linked: 11
- Aarts JW, Nieboer TE, Johnson N, Tavender E, Garry R, Mol BWJ, et al. Surgical approach to hysterectomy for benign gynaecological disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;8:CD003677.
- Hodges KR, Davis BR, Swaim LS. Prevention and management of hysterectomy complications. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2014;57(1):43–57. · DOI
- Clarke-Pearson DL, Geller EJ. Complications of hysterectomy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;121(3):654–73. · DOI
- Vierhout ME. Prolonged catheterization after vaginal prolapse surgery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998;77(10):997–9. · DOI
- Glavind K, Mørup L, Madsen H, Glavind J. A prospective, randomised, controlled trial comparing 3 hour and 24 hour postoperative removal of bladder catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal prolapse surgery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(9):1122–5. · DOI
- Baldini G, Bagry H, Aprikian A, Carli F. Postoperative urinary retention: anesthetic and perioperative considerations. Anesthesiology. 2009;110(5):1139–57. · DOI
- Summitt RL, Stovall TG, Bran DF. Prospective comparison of indwelling bladder catheter drainage versus no catheter after vaginal hysterectomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;170(6):1815–8. discussion 1818-1821 · DOI
- Dunn TS, Shlay J, Forshner D. Are in-dwelling catheters necessary for 24 hours after hysterectomy? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189(2):435–7. · DOI
- Sekhavat L, Farajkhoda T, Davar R. The effect of early removal of indwelling urinary catheter on postoperative urinary complications in anterior colporrhaphy surgery. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;48(3):348–52. · DOI
- Liang C-C, Lee C-L, Chang T-C, Chang Y-L, Wang C-J, Soong Y-K. Postoperative urinary outcomes in catheterized and non-catheterized patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy--a randomized controlled trial. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009;20(3):295–300. · DOI
- Hakvoort RA, Elberink R, Vollebregt A, Ploeg T, Emanuel MH. How long should urinary bladder catheterisation be continued after vaginal prolapse surgery? A randomised controlled trial comparing short term versus long term catheterisation after vaginal prolapse surgery. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;111(8):828–30. · DOI
Cited by
Perioperative interventions in pelvic organ prolapse surgery
Shahid, U., Haya, N., Baessler, K., Christmann-Schmid, C., Yeung, E., Chen, Z., & Maher, C. (2025) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013105.pub2 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Rajan, P., Soundara Raghavan, S., & Sharma, D.
- Affiliations
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IN)
- NIMS University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Rajan, Priya
- ORCID
- Sharma, Deepak
- Venue
- BMC Women's Health
- Published
- 2017-09-11
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 78-78
- ISSN
- 1472-6874 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5594577
- OpenAlex
- W2754224197
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMC Women s Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Uterine Myomas and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Surgical site infection prevention
- Keywords
- vaginal hysterectomy, vaginal surgery, postoperative urinary retention, urinary tract infection, febrile morbidity, postoperative vaginal bleeding, postoperative care
- MeSH terms
- Urinary Bladder, Female, Humans, Hysterectomy, Vaginal, India, Middle Aged, Postoperative Period, Time Factors, Urinary Catheterization, Urinary Tract Infections, Vagina, Urinary Retention
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Study comparing 3 hour and 24 hour post-operative removal of bladder catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal surgery: a randomised controlled trial. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/s12905-017-0431-x
- The paper
- Rajan, P., Soundara Raghavan, S., & Sharma, D. (2017). Study comparing 3 hour and 24 hour post-operative removal of bladder catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal surgery: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Women's Health. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-017-0431-x
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
