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Cited by 49Malaria Research and ControlBird parasitology and diseasesVector-borne infectious diseases

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Ten years malaria trend at Arjo-Didessa sugar development site and its vicinity, Southwest Ethiopia: a retrospective study

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Hawaria, Dawit, Getachew, Hallelujah, Zhong, Guofa, Demissew, Assalif, Habitamu, Kasahun, Raya, Beka, Lee, Ming-Chieh, Yewhalaw, Delenasaw, Yan, Guiyun·2019·Malaria Journal
DOI 10.1186/s12936-019-2777-zPMC PMC6480840
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Abstract

The trend analysis of malaria data from health facilities is useful for understanding dynamics of malaria epidemiology and inform for future malaria control planning. Changes in clinical malaria characteristics, like gender and age distribution are good indicators of declining malaria transmission. This study was conducted to determine the malaria trend at Arjo-Didessa sugar development site and its vicinity, southwest Ethiopia, from 2008 to 2017. Monthly malaria confirmed case data from 2008 to 2017 was extracted from 11 health facilities based on clinical registers at Arjo sugar development site and its vicinity, southwest Ethiopia. Both positivity rate and malaria incidence rate were calculated. Changes in malaria parasite species and seasonality were analysed; age structure and gender distribution were compared between different study periods. Trend in malaria incidence and climatic impact were analysed and past LLIN and IRS campaigns were used as dynamics modifier. Over a period of 10 years, 54,020 blood film were collected for malaria diagnosis in the health facilities at the area, of which 18,049 (33.4%) were confirmed malaria cases by both microscopically and RDT. Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax , and mixed infection ( P. falciparum and P. vivax ) accounted for 8660 (48%), 7649 (42.4%), and 1740 (9.6%) of the malaria cases, respectively. The study also revealed that P. vivax was the predominant over P. falciparum for 4 years (2010, 2014, 2015 and 2016). There was a remarkable reduction of overall malaria infection during the 10 years. Malaria has been reported in all age groups, but age distribution showed that vast majority of cases were adults age 15 years and above 13,305 (73.7%). In all age groups, males were more significantly affected than females (χ 2 = 133.0, df = 2, P < 0.0001). Moreover, malaria positivity rate showed a strong seasonality (χ 2 = 777.55, df = 11, P < 0.0001). However, malaria cases were reported in all seasons across 10 years in the study area. In general, malaria positivity showed a declining trend over 10 years period in the area. However, current prevalence shows it is public health burden and needs attention for further intensification of interventions. In the study area, both P. falciparum and P. vivax co-exist and P. vivax is more prevalent than P. falciparum in almost half of the years. Therefore, malaria interventions should be strengthened in the study area.

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  • Malaria prevalence in the study area is less than 3%.

    “Malaria prevalence in this area is less than 3%, and transmission is seasonal, with cases peaking between September to December (Hawaria et al., 2019).”

    From Investigating the Impact of Irrigation on Malaria Vector Larval Habitats and Transmission Using a Hydrology‐Based Model (2023) · cites this paper as Hawaria et al., 2019

    The Results (General characteristics and malaria parasite species; page unavailable) report a 33.4% malaria positivity rate among suspected cases, not a rate below 3%. The paper does not measure population prevalence, so its positivity rate should not be presented as a prevalence estimate. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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  • Due to poor drainage caused by the low permeability of the extensive heavy clay, the study area is a perennial hotspot for larval habitats and is known to be malarious.

    “Due to poor drainage caused by the low permeability of the extensive heavy clay, the area is a perennial hotspot for larval habitats and is known to be malarious (Demissew et al., 2020; Hawaria et al., 2019).”

    From Investigating the Impact of Irrigation on Malaria Vector Larval Habitats and Transmission Using a Hydrology‐Based Model (2023) · cites this paper as Hawaria et al., 2019

    The Background says irrigation at the Arjo-Didessa sugarcane site created malaria-vector breeding habitats, and the Discussion reports malaria cases in every season over ten years. The paper does not attribute those habitats to poor drainage, low soil permeability, or extensive heavy clay; it instead discusses irrigation as a possible contributor. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Malaria transmission in the study area is seasonal, with cases peaking between September and December.

    “Malaria prevalence in this area is less than 3%, and transmission is seasonal, with cases peaking between September to December (Hawaria et al., 2019).”

    From Investigating the Impact of Irrigation on Malaria Vector Larval Habitats and Transmission Using a Hydrology‐Based Model (2023) · cites this paper as Hawaria et al., 2019

    The Results section, “Seasonal variations in malaria positivity rate,” confirms strong seasonality in the study area, but places its highest confirmed cases between September and November, not September and December. The Discussion gives September–December as the peak period for Ethiopia generally, rather than the study area specifically. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Both major malaria parasites in Ethiopia, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, co-exist in the study area with equal incidences but significant seasonality.

    “Local clinical malaria data shows that both major malaria parasites in Ethiopia, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, co‐exist with equal incidences but significant seasonality (Hawaria et al., 2019).”

    From Investigating the Impact of Irrigation on Malaria Vector Larval Habitats and Transmission Using a Hydrology‐Based Model (2023) · cites this paper as Hawaria et al., 2019

    The Results (‘General characteristics and malaria parasite species’) confirm that both parasites occurred in the study area, but report 48.0% of cases as P. falciparum and 42.4% as P. vivax, describing a slight predominance of P. falciparum rather than equal incidence. The Results (‘Seasonal variations in malaria positivity rate’) report strong seasonality and significantly different peak seasons for the two species. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The result was an increased diversity of habitats, which agrees with field observations.

    “The result was an increased diversity of the habitats which agrees with field observations (Hawaria et al., 2019).”

    From Investigating the Impact of Irrigation on Malaria Vector Larval Habitats and Transmission Using a Hydrology‐Based Model (2023) · cites this paper as Hawaria et al., 2019

    The Background (page unavailable) says irrigation created a large area of malaria-vector breeding habitats, and the Discussion (page unavailable) says irrigation could increase their proliferation. Neither passage establishes increased habitat diversity or reports field observations confirming it; the study analyzed health-facility records. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Metadata

Authors
Hawaria, D., Getachew, H., Zhong, G., Demissew, A., Habitamu, K., Raya, B., Lee, M.-C., Yewhalaw, D., & Yan, G.
Affiliations
  • Arba Minch University (ET)
  • University of California, Irvine (US)
  • Ambo University (ET)
  • Kotebe University of Education (ET)
  • Jimma University (ET)
Corresponding author
Yewhalaw, Delenasaw
ORCID
Venue
Malaria Journal
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2019-04-24
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
145-145
ISSN
1475-2875 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12936-019-2777-z
PMC
PMC6480840
OpenAlex
W2946237669
Cited by
49
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1
FWCI
5.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2019-05-28)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Malaria Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (D43 TW001505, R01 A1050243, U19 AI129326)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Bird parasitology and diseases
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
Keywords
malaria incidence trends, malaria incidence, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, seasonal malaria transmission, age and sex distribution, malaria control, long-lasting insecticidal nets, indoor residual spraying, Southwest Ethiopia
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Agriculture, Child, Child, Preschool, Ethiopia, Female, Health Facilities, Humans, Infant, Male, Retrospective Studies, Seasons, Sex Factors, Prevalence, Malaria, Falciparum, Malaria, Vivax, Age Distribution, Saccharum, Young Adult, Coinfection

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