CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 29Physical Activity and HealthPhysical Education and Training StudiesCardiovascular and exercise physiology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The effect of Baduanjin exercise on health-related physical fitness of college students: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Open access
Zhao, Fang, Sun, Shanshan, Xiong, Jian, Zheng, Guohua·2019·Trials
DOI 10.1186/s13063-019-3672-1PMC PMC6751669
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Background: Low health-related physical fitness in college students is a risk factor for future development of cardiovascular diseases at later stages in life, but appropriate exercise is one of the main determinant factors of health-related physical fitness. Previous studies have showed that Baduanjin exercise is beneficial in improving sleep quality, mental health, body flexibility, and body physique. However, the evidence is unclear whether Baduanjin exercise can be recommended as an effective exercise to promote health-related physical fitness of college students. Methods/design: One hundred twenty college students will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the Baduanjin exercise or the control group at a ratio of 1:1. The students in the Baduanjin exercise group will receive a 12-week supervised Baduanjin exercise training intervention with a frequency of 1 h each day and 4 days per week, while those in the control group will not receive any specific exercise intervention and will be informed to maintain their original lifestyle for 12 weeks. The primary outcome of health-related physical fitness involving measurements of body flexibility, muscular strength, cardiopulmonary fitness, and body endurance will be measured at baseline and after the 12-week intervention period. Mixed linear models will be used to analyze the effect of the Baduanjin exercise intervention on the health-related physical fitness of college students. Discussion: This is the first trial to evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on health-related physical fitness in college students. If the results are as expected, they will provide evidence of Baduanjin exercise in promoting health-related physical fitness in young adults. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IOR-17013011. Registered on 17 November 2017.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s13063-019-3672-1

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 44

  1. Malina RM, Katzmarzyk PT. Physical activity and fitness in an international growth standard for preadolescent and adolescent children. Food Nutr Bull. 2006;27(4):S295–313. · DOI
  2. Gelacio GS. Work, sports and leisure activities of faculty. Basis for the Physical Fitness Program. Iamure Int J Educ. 2015;15(1):15–16.
  3. Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Castillo MJ, Sjöström M. Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. Int J Obes. 2008;32(1):1–11. · DOI
  4. Ruiz JR, Castro-Piñero J, España-Romero V, et al. Field-based fitness assessment in young people: the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(6):518. · DOI
  5. Ji CY, Chen TJ, Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC). Empirical changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese students from 1985 to 2010 and corresponding preventive strategies. Biomed Environ Sci. 2013;26(1):1–12.
  6. Tian R, Wang ZH, Dong YH, Yang ZP, Ma J. A cross-section study on physical endurance level in primary and middle school students in China, 2014. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2017;38(5):592–6.
  7. National Student Physical Fitness Research Group. Results of the 2005 National Student Physique and Health Survey. Chin Sch Phys Educat. 2006;10(5):6–8.
  8. National Student Physical Fitness Research Group. Results of the 2010 National Student Physique and Health Survey. Chin J Sch Health. 2011;32(9):1024.
  9. National Student Physical Fitness Research Group. Results of the 2010 National Student Physique and Health Survey. Chin J Sch Health. 2015;36(12):I0001.
  10. Wei CN, Harada K, Ueda K, Fukumoto K, Minamoto K, Ueda A. Assessment of health-promoting lifestyle profile in Japanese university students. Environ Health Prev Med. 2012;17:222–7. · DOI
  11. Arnett JJ. Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. Am Psychol. 2000;55:469–80. · DOI · Paper page
  12. Haase A, Steptoe A, Sallis JF, Wardle J. Leisure-time physical activity in university students from 23 countries: associations with health beliefs, risk awareness, and national economic development. Pre Med. 2004;39(1):182–90. · DOI
  13. Pribis P, Burtnack CA, McKenzie SO, Thayer J. Trends in body fat, body mass index and physical fitness among male and female college students. Nutrients. 2010;2(10):1075–85. · DOI
  14. Huffman F. Physical activity and metabolic risk factors among Jamaican adolescents. Nutr Food Sci. 2014;8:2.
  15. Ruiz JR, Castro-Piñero J, Artero EG, et al. Predictive validity of health-related fitness in youth: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(12):909–23. · DOI
  16. Maddison R, Hoorn SV, Jiang Y, et al. The environment and physical activity: the influence of psychosocial, perceived and built environmental factors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009;6(1):1–10. · DOI
  17. Bolívar J, Daponte A, et al. The influence of individual, social and physical environment factors on physical activity in the adult population in Andalusia, Spain. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2010;7(1):60–77. · DOI
  18. Perry AC, Rosenblatt ES, Kempner L, Feldman BB, Paolercio MA, Van Bemden AL. The effects of an exercise physiology program on physical fitness variables, body satisfaction, and physiology knowledge. J Strength Cond Res. 2002;16(2):219–26.
  19. Gutin B, Yin Z, Humphries MC, Barbeau P. Relations of moderate and vigorous physical activity to fitness and fatness in adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81(4):746–50. · DOI
  20. Penedo FJ, Dahn JR. Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Curr OpinPsychiatry. 2005;18:189–93.
  21. Jones BM. Changes in cytokine production in healthy subjects practicing Guolin Qigong: a pilot study. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2001;1:8. · DOI · Paper page
  22. Lee MS, Oh B, Ernst E. Qigong for healthcare: an overview of systematic reviews. JRSM Short Rep. 2011;2(2):7. · DOI
  23. Huang J, Wang XY. Review of centennial development of Qigong. Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi. 2012;42(4):201–7.
  24. Chen K. Qigong therapy for stress management. In: Lehrer PM, Woolfolk RL, Sine WE, editors. Principles and practice of stress management. New York: Guilford Press; 2007; p. 428–448.
  25. Koh TC. Baduanjin–an ancient Chinese exercise. Am J Chin Med. 1982;10:14–21. · DOI
  26. Mei L, Chen Q, Ge L, Zheng G, Chen J. Systematic review of Chinese traditional exercise baduanjin modulating the blood lipid metabolism. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:282131. · DOI
  27. An BC, Wang Y, Jiang X, Lu HS, Fang ZY, Wang Y, Dai KR. Effects of Baduanjin exercise on knee osteoarthritis: a one-year study. Chin J Integr Med. 2013;19:143–8. · DOI
  28. Hsu MC, Wang TS, Liu YP, Liu CF. Effects of Baduanjin exercise on oxidative stress and antioxidant status and improving quality of life among middle-aged women. Am J Chin Med. 2008;36:815–26. · DOI
  29. Liu HF, Zhao LM, An HY. A study of Baduanjin exercise for the mental health of college students. J Beijing Sport Univ. 2007;30:149–51.
  30. Liu HF, An HY, Wang CH, Cao C, Zhang B. Psychological effects of health Qigong Baduanjin. J Wuhan Inst of Phys Educ. 2008;42:54–8.
  31. Xue ZH. A research on the effect of Baduanjin exercise on female university student’s physique health. J Anhui Sport Sci. 2012;33:46–9.
  32. Li M, Fang Q, Li J, Zheng X, Tao J, Yan X, Lin Q, Lan X, Chen B, Zheng G, Chen L. The effect of Chinese traditional exercise-Baduanjin on physical and psychological well-being of college students: a randomized controlled trial. PLOS One. 2015;10(7):e0130544. · DOI
  33. Bai JC. Comparison of the 4 physical fitness investigations undergraduates in Shanxi. J Shandong Inst Phys Educ Sports. 2007;23(2):80–2.
  34. Health Qigong Management Center of General Administration of Sports of China. Health qigong-Baduanjin. Beijing: People’s Sport Publishing House of China; 2003.
  35. Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China. Notice of the Ministry of Education on printing and distributing the National Physical Health Standard for Student. Beijing: No.5, 2014, file of Education, Sport & Art; 2014.
  36. Liao MY. On the theory and function of the new Baduanjin from the perspective of Chinese Medical Science. Wushu Science. 2009;6:79–80.
  37. Cheng FK. Effects of Baduanjin on mental health: a comprehensive review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2015;19:138–49. · DOI
  38. Zou L, Pan Z, Yeung A, Talwar S, Wang C, Liu Y, Shu Y, Chen X, Thomas GA. A review study on the beneficial effects of Baduanjin. J Altern Complement Med. 2018;24:324–35. · DOI
  39. Chen DM, Yu WC, Hung HF, Tsai JC, Wu HY, Chiou AF. The effects of Baduanjin exercise on fatigue and quality of life in patients with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2018;17(5):456–66. · DOI
  40. Guan TY. An experimental study of the intervention of health Qigong Ba Duan Jin on university students with sub-health. J Chengdu Sport Univ. 2013;39:91–4.
  41. Li QP, Liu Y, Peng C, Chen YY, Ren JL. A study of Baduanjin’s competition rountines effects on college students’ free radical metabolism and body physique. Hubei Sports Sci. 2016;35:407–10.
  42. Liu HF, An HY, Men HY, Hu BJ. Research on impact of health Qigong (Baduanjin) on mental health of medical college students. Med Soc. 2008;21:63–4.
  43. Liu AL, Lu BQ, Zheng YY. The study on sleep quality and physique of undergraduates induced by eight-section brocade (Baduanjin). J Henan Univ (Med Sci). 2012;31:286–9.
  44. Liu Y, Gu L, Tian X, Tang L, Lei W. A research on the influence of Baduanjin on college students’ organism based on the regression theory and TCM theory. Liaoning Sport Sci Technol. 2016;38:55–9.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Zhao, F., Sun, S., Xiong, J., & Zheng, G.
Affiliations
  • Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences (CN)
  • Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
Corresponding author
Zheng, Guohua
ORCID
Venue
Trials
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2019-09-18
Volume
20
Issue
1
Pages
569-569
ISSN
1745-6215 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s13063-019-3672-1
PMC
PMC6751669
OpenAlex
W2973368650
Cited by
29
References
1
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2
FWCI
2.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Trials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Project (HJTY-2017-A07)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords
Baduanjin exercise, health-related physical fitness, university students, body flexibility, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, traditional Chinese exercise, young adults, cardiovascular risk
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, China, Exercise Therapy, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Physical Fitness, Students, Time Factors, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review