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Cited by 26Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesSchizophrenia research and treatmentChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Subjective cognitive functioning in relation to changes in levels of depression and anxiety in youth over 3 months of treatment

Open access
Allott, Kelly, Gao, Caroline, Hetrick, Sarah E., Filia, Kate M., Menssink, Jana M., Fisher, Caroline, Hickie, Ian B., Herrman, Helen E. +4 more·2020·BJPsych Open
DOI 10.1192/bjo.2020.68PMC PMC7453798
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive difficulties are common in mental illness and have a negative impact on role functioning. Little is understood about subjective cognition and the longitudinal relationship with depression and anxiety symptoms in young people. AIMS: To examine the relationship between changes in levels of depression and anxiety and changes in subjective cognitive functioning over 3 months in help-seeking youth. METHOD: This was a cohort study of 656 youth aged 12-25 years attending Australian headspace primary mental health services. Subjective changes in cognitive functioning (rated as better, same, worse) reported after 3 months of treatment was assessed using the Neuropsychological Symptom Self-Report. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of baseline levels of and changes in depression (nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ9) and anxiety symptoms (seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale; GAD7) on changes in subjective cognitive function at follow-up while controlling for covariates. RESULTS: With a one-point reduction in PHQ9 at follow-up, there was an estimated 11-18% increase in ratings of better subjective cognitive functioning at follow-up, relative to stable cognitive functioning. A one-point increase in PHQ9 from baseline to follow-up was associated with 7-14% increase in ratings of worse subjective cognitive functioning over 3 months, relative to stable cognitive functioning. A similar attenuated pattern of findings was observed for the GAD7. CONCLUSIONS: A clear association exists between subjective cognitive functioning outcomes and changes in self-reported severity of affective symptoms in young people over the first 3 months of treatment. Understanding the timing and mechanisms of these associations is needed to tailor treatment.

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Authors
Allott, K., Gao, C., Hetrick, S. E., Filia, K. M., Menssink, J. M., Fisher, C., Hickie, I. B., Herrman, H. E., Rickwood, D. J., Parker, A. G., Mcgorry, P. D., & Cotton, S. M.
Affiliations
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
  • University of Auckland (NZ)
  • The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • University of Canberra (AU)
Corresponding author
Allott, Kelly
ORCID
Venue
BJPsych Open
Publisher
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Published
2020-08-05
Volume
6
Issue
5
Pages
e110-e110
ISSN
2056-4724 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1192/bjo.2020.68
PMC
PMC7453798
OpenAlex
W3047263991
Cited by
26
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2
FWCI
3.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2020-08-05)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BJPsych Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • University of Melbourne
  • Medical Research Council
  • National Health and Medical Research Council (1141207, 1076940)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords
subjective cognitive functioning, depression, anxiety, youth mental health, treatment response, cognitive difficulties, PHQ-9, GAD-7

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