Cited by 333Mental Health Treatment and AccessSchizophrenia research and treatmentSuicide and Self-Harm Studies

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Mental disorders and cause-specific mortality

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Joukamaa, Matti, HeliöVaara, Markku, Knekt, Paul, Aromaa, Arpo, Raitasalo, Raimo, Lehtinen, Ville·2001·British Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1192/bjp.179.6.498

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The impact of clinically diagnosed mental disorders on mortality in the general population has not been established. Aims To examine mental disorders for their prediction of cause-specific mortality. METHOD: Mental disorders were determined using the 36-item version of the General Health Questionnaire and the Present State Examination in a nationally representative sample of 8000 adult Finns. RESULTS: During the 17-year follow-up period 1597 deaths occurred. The presence of a mental disorder detected at baseline was associated with an elevated mortality rate. The relative risk in men was 1.6(95% confidence interval 1.3-1.8) and in women, 1.4 (95% Cl 1.2-1.6). In men and women with schizophrenia the relative risks of death during the follow-up period were 3.3 (95% Cl 2.3-4.9) and 2.3 (95% Cl 1.3-3.8) respectively, compared with the rest of the sample. In both men and women with schizophrenia the risk of dying of respiratory disease was increased, but the risk of dying of cardiovascular disease was increased only in men with neurotic depression. CONCLUSIONS: Schizophrenia and depression are associated with an elevated risk of natural and unnatural deaths.

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Authors: Joukamaa, M., HeliöVaara, M., Knekt, P., Aromaa, A., Raitasalo, R., & Lehtinen, V.
Affiliations: Oulu University Hospital (FI)
Social Insurance Institution (FI)
Corresponding author: Joukamaa, Matti
ORCID: HeliöVaara, Markku
Knekt, Paul
Venue: British Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Published: 2001-12
Volume: 179
Issue: 6
Pages: 498-502
ISSN: 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
1472-1465
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.179.6.498
OpenAlex: W2166869007
Cited by: 328
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 12.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 5876 d)
Locations: The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Keywords: mental illness, cause-specific mortality, schizophrenia, depression, neurotic depression, respiratory mortality, cardiovascular mortality, sex differences, General Health Questionnaire, Finnish adults
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Depressive Disorder, Female, Finland, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Respiration Disorders, Schizophrenia, Sex Factors, Suicide, Survival Rate

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