Cited by 518Lung Cancer Treatments and MutationsBrain Metastases and TreatmentLung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

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CNS Efficacy of Osimertinib in Patients With T790M-Positive Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Data From a Randomized Phase III Trial (AURA3)

Wu, Yi-Long, Ahn, Myung-Ju, Garassino, Marina Chiara, Han, Ji-Youn, Katakami, Nobuyuki, Kim, Hye Ryun, Hodge, Rachel, Kaur, Paramjit, Brown, Andrew P., Ghiorghiu, Dana, Papadimitrakopoulou, Vassiliki A., Mok, Tony S.K.·2018·Journal of Clinical Oncology

DOI 10.1200/jco.2018.77.9363

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Abstract

Purpose In patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) mutation-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there is an unmet need for EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors with improved CNS penetration and activity against CNS metastases, either at initial diagnosis or time of progression. We report the first comparative evidence of osimertinib CNS efficacy versus platinum-pemetrexed from a phase III study (AURA3; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02151981) in patients with EGFR T790M-positive advanced NSCLC who experience disease progression with prior EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Methods Patients with asymptomatic, stable CNS metastases were eligible for enrollment and were randomly assigned 2:1 to osimertinib 80 mg once daily or platinum-pemetrexed. A preplanned subgroup analysis was conducted in patients with measurable and/or nonmeasurable CNS lesions on baseline brain scan by blinded independent central neuroradiological review. The CNS evaluable for response set included only patients with one or more measurable CNS lesions. The primary objective for this analysis was CNS objective response rate (ORR). Results Of 419 patients randomly assigned to treatment, 116 had measurable and/or nonmeasurable CNS lesions, including 46 patients with measurable CNS lesions. At data cutoff (April 15, 2016), CNS ORR in patients with one or more measurable CNS lesions was 70% (21 of 30; 95% CI, 51% to 85%) with osimertinib and 31% (5 of 16; 95% CI, 11% to 59%) with platinum-pemetrexed (odds ratio, 5.13; 95% CI, 1.44 to 20.64; P = .015); the ORR was 40% (30 of 75; 95% CI, 29% to 52%) and 17% (7 of 41; 95% CI, 7% to 32%), respectively, in patients with measurable and/or nonmeasurable CNS lesions (odds ratio, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.33 to 8.81; P = .014). Median CNS duration of response in patients with measurable and/or nonmeasurable CNS lesions was 8.9 months (95% CI, 4.3 months to not calculable) for osimertinib and 5.7 months (95% CI, 4.4 to 5.7 months) for platinum-pemetrexed; median CNS progression-free survival was 11.7 months and 5.6 months, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.69; P = .004). Conclusion Osimertinib demonstrated superior CNS efficacy versus platinum-pemetrexed in T790M-positive advanced NSCLC.

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Authors: Wu, Y.-L., Ahn, M.-J., Garassino, M. C., Han, J.-Y., Katakami, N., Kim, H. R., Hodge, R., Kaur, P., Brown, A. P., Ghiorghiu, D., Papadimitrakopoulou, V. A., & Mok, T. S. K.
Affiliations: Yonsei University (KR)
ORCID: Wu, Yi-Long
Ahn, Myung-Ju
Garassino, Marina Chiara
Han, Ji-Youn
Katakami, Nobuyuki
Kim, Hye Ryun
Hodge, Rachel
Papadimitrakopoulou, Vassiliki A.
Mok, Tony S.K.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Oncology
Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Published: 2018-09-10
Volume: 36
Issue: 26
Pages: 2702-2709
ISSN: 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
1527-7755
DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.77.9363
OpenAlex: W2887416920
Cited by: 517
References: 18
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 13
FWCI: 41.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Brain Metastases and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords: osimertinib, T790M mutation, advanced non-small cell lung cancer, central nervous system metastasis, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, CNS penetration, AURA3 trial, subgroup analysis
MeSH terms: Pemetrexed, Acrylamides, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aniline Compounds, Brain Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Cisplatin, Female, Humans, Indoles, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Pyrimidines, Carboplatin, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Young Adult, ErbB Receptors

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CNS Efficacy of Osimertinib in Patients With T790M-Positive Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Data From a Randomized Phase III Trial (AURA3)

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