Drought Adaptation in Cereals

Abstract

* About the Editor * Contributors * Foreword (John C. O'Toole) * Acknowledgments * PART I. GENERAL CONTEXT * Chapter 1. Drought Adaptation in Cereal Crops: A Prologue (Abraham Blum) * The Reality of Drought Resistance in Cereal Crop Cultivars * Effective Drought Resistance Mechanisms in Cereals * The Genomic Approach * Conclusion * Chapter 2. Economic Impact of Water-Limited Conditions on Cereal Grain Production (Paul W. Heisey and Michael L. Morris) * Defining the Issues * Defining and Measuring Economic Impact * Mitigating the Effects of Water-Limited Conditions * Conclusion * PART II. PLANT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION * Chapter 3. Genotype-by-Environment Interactions Under Water-Limited Conditions (Mark Cooper, Fred van Eeuwijk, Scott C. Chapman, Dean W. Podlich, and Carlos Loffler) * GEI and Drought * Examples of Genetic Progress for Yield in Dryland Environments * A Framework for Studying GEI * Discussion * Chapter 4. Secondary Traits for Drought Tolerance Improvement in Cereals (Philippe Monneveux and Jean-Marcel Ribaut) * Crop Response to Water-Limited Conditions * The Potential Interest of Secondary Traits * How to Establish the Value of Secondary Traits * The Use of Secondary Traits in the Selection Process * Secondary Traits Successfully Deployed in Cereal Improvement Programs * Perspectives: Development in Physiological and Molecular Measurements * Chapter 5. Leaf Growth Under Water-Limited Conditions (Francois Tardieu) * Processes Involved in the Control of Leaf Growth * Quantification of the Phenotype: Responses of Leaf Elongation Rate to Several Environmental Conditions * Concluding Remarks * Chapter 6. The Application of Carbon Isotope Discrimination in Cereal Improvement for Water-Limited Environments (Anthony G. Condon, Graham D. Farquhar, Greg. J. Rebetzke, and Richard A. Richards) * Carbon Isotope Discrimination: A Physiological Marker for High Transpiration Efficiency * Variation in 13C of C3 Cereals * Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Measures of Performance * Case Study: Application of Carbon Isotope Analysis in Wheat Breeding for Australia * Other Potential Applications for Carbon Isotope Discrimination in Cereal Improvement * Future Directions * Conclusion * PART III. PLANT IMPROVEMENT IN SELECTED CEREALS: GENETICS, PHYSIOLOGY, AND BREEDING * Chapter 7. Drought Adaptation in Barley (Mark E. Sorrells, Ayman Diab, and Dominique This) * Genetics of Drought Tolerance in Barley * Physiology of Drought Tolerance in Barley * QTL Studies of Drought Tolerance * Comparative Analysis of Drought Tolerance with Other Cereals * Breeding for Drought Tolerance * Conclusion * Chapter 8. Drought Adaptation in Maize (Mark C. Sawkins, Julien DeMeyer, and Jean-Marcel Ribaut) * Phenotypic Selection * Farmer Participation: Mother-Baby Trials * Genetic Dissection of Target Traits * The Genomic Approach * The CIMMYT Approach * Conclusion * Chapter 9. Drought Adaptation in Rice (Renee Lafitte, John Bennett, and Arumugam Kathiresan) * Breeding Rice for Improved Drought Tolerance * Functional Genomic Approaches to Drought in Rice * Conclusions and Opportunities * Chapter 10. Drought Adaptation in Sorghum (Andrew Borrell, David Jordan, John Mullett, Bob Henzell, and Graeme Hammer) * Drought Resistance Breeding in Grain Sorghum * Physiological Basis of Drought Adaptation in Sorghum * Physiological Traits to Combat Drought * Isolation and Characterization of Sorghum Genes for Drought Adaptation * Combining Genetic and Management Solutions to Combat Drought * Conclusions * Chapter 11. Drought Adaptation in Wheat (Matthew P. Reynolds, Greg Rebetzke, Alessandro Pellegrineschi, and Richard Trethowan) * Drought Environments * The Complexity of Drought As an Agronomic Concept * Conceptual Models of Drought Adaptation * Exploitation of Genetic Diversity * Genetic Considerations When Breeding for Yield Under Drought * Conclusions * PART IV. PLANT RESPONSE TO WATER STRESS: METABOLISM AND GENE EXPRESSION * Chapter 12. Carbohydrate Metabolism Under Water-Limited Conditions (Axel Tiessen, John Lunn, and Peter Geigenberger) * Photosynthesis and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Leaves * From Source to Sink: Carbohydrate Transport * The Fate of Carbohydrate in Sink Tissues * The Plant As an Integrated System * Prospects for Plant Breeding * The Future of Marker-Assisted Selection * Conclusions * Chapter 13. The Role of Abscisic Acid Under Water-Limited Conditions (Tim L. Setter) * Stomata * Aquaporins * LEAs and Osmolytes * Growth Regulation * Seed Dormancy * Kernel Set * ABA Synthesis * Genetic Improvement of ABA Accumulation * Chapter 14. Protection Mechanisms Against Water Deficit Stress: Desiccation Tolerance in Seeds As a Study Case (Linda Mtwisha, Jill Farrant, Wolf Brandt, and George Lindsey) * The Role of Water in Biological Processes * Protection Mechanisms Against Water-Deficit Stress * Conclusions * Chapter 15. Genetic Basis of Ion Homeostasis and Water Deficit (Hans J. Bohnert, Ray A. Bressan, and P. Michael