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An Extended Examination of the Crisis Situations: A Fusion of the Relational Management and Symbolic Approaches
Abstract
This article begins to integrate ideas from the relational management perspective of public relations with the symbolic approach to crisis communication. The fusion centers on the relation history as part of an organization's performance history. The belief is that relationship affects the crisis situation by shaping perceptions of the crisis and the organization in crisis. The experimental study found support connecting relationship history to the crisis situation. The results are termed the velcro effect because only a negative relationship history produced an effect on organizational reputation and crisis responsibility. The article offers a model of the crisis situation to explain how relationship history fits with the variables used in the symbolic approach.
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Citations
Cited by
Organizational Response to Adversity: Fusing Crisis Management and Resilience Research Streams
Williams, T. A., Gruber, D. A., Sutcliffe, K. M., Shepherd, D. A., & Zhao, E. Y. (2017) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2015.0134 · Cited by 1,945
The Intractability of Reputation: Media Coverage as a Complex System in the Case of Martha Stewart
Murphy, P. (2010) · Journal of Public Relations Research · doi:10.1080/10627261003601648 · Cited by 56
Metadata
- Authors
- Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S.
- Venue
- Journal of Public Relations Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2001-10-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 321-340
- ISSN
- 1062-726X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1993662604
- Cited by
- 362
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 15.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An Extended Examination of the Crisis Situations: A Fusion of the Relational Management and Symbolic Approaches. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1207/s1532754xjprr1304_03
- The paper
- Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S. (2001). An Extended Examination of the Crisis Situations: A Fusion of the Relational Management and Symbolic Approaches. Journal of Public Relations Research. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532754xjprr1304_03
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
