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Cited by 98Gender and Feminist StudiesSyntax, Semantics, Linguistic VariationFamily Dynamics and Relationships

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Meanings of Literal

Lakoff, George·1986·Metaphor and Symbolic Activity
DOI 10.1207/s15327868ms0104_3
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Abstract

In a simpler world, "Who's your mother?" has a simple answer. It is your female parent, the person who supplied the egg from which you were conceived, who carried and gave birth to you, who raised you, and who was married to your father. The word mother is defined relative to an idealized and oversimplified model of the world in which all those criteria converge to pick out a single person. But in a world in which there is in vitro fertilization in surrogate mothers, adoption by lesbian couples, as well as other vagaries of modern life, the criteria that are commonly assumed to come together to define "mother" may diverge radically. In such cases, there is no completely satisfactory way to choose: Both the woman who gives birth and the woman who supplies the egg have some claim to the title, as, of course, does the woman who raises the child. Any decision the courts make in defining motherhood in nonstandard cases is bound to conflict with our idealized model in which all the classical criteria for motherhood converge.

Overview

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Crossref · 10.1207/s15327868ms0104_3

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Metadata

Authors
Lakoff, G.
Corresponding author
Lakoff, George
ORCID
Lakoff, George
Venue
Metaphor and Symbolic Activity
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1986-12
Volume
1
Issue
4
Pages
291-296
ISSN
0885-7253 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1207/s15327868ms0104_3
OpenAlex
W1974784418
Cited by
92
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
FWCI
2.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Metaphor and Symbolic Activity (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
Keywords
motherhood, mothers, biological mother, surrogate mothers, in vitro fertilization, adoption, lesbian couples, idealized models, social construction of kinship

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.