Gender and Racial Equity of the Air Force Officer Qualifying Test in Officer Training School Selection Decisions
Abstract
Using Cleary's (1968) model of test bias, relations between aptitude scores and training performance were evaluated for race and gender subgroups of military officer candidates. Regression analyses revealed level bias with minority performance being overpredicted by a small and constant amount at all aptitude levels, suggesting that test usage results in higher selection rates for female and Black cadets. These results are consistent with the literature in education, industry, and prior studies conducted in the military.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Several papers have found that CATs overpredict performance for women and ethnic minorities.
“and several papers have found that CATs overpredict performance for women and ethnic minorities (e.g., Roberts & Skinner, 1996).”
From Factors Related to Mean Score Group Differences on Cognitive Ability Tests: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as Roberts & Skinner, 1996
No citation lists for this paper
No citation lists for this paper yet — checked again daily.
References 22 · Cited by 21
- Authors
- Roberts, H. E., & Skinner, J.
- Venue
- Military Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1996-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 95-113
- ISSN
- 0899-5605 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7876
- OpenAlex
- W2034305563
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Military Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- test bias, gender equity, racial equity, Air Force Officer Qualifying Test, training performance, minority candidates, female cadets, selection decisions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
