Cited by 402Breast Cancer Treatment StudiesEstrogen and related hormone effectsAdvanced Breast Cancer Therapies

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Endocrine Treatment of Breast Cancer in Women

SANTEN, RICHARD J., MANNI, ANDREA, HARVEY, HAROLD, REDMOND, CAROL·1990·Endocrine Reviews

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Hormonal therapy for breast carcinoma began with the observation by George Beatson (1) in 1898 that bilateral oophorectomy caused tumor regression in selected premenopausal patients. Huggins and Bergenstal (2) later introduced surgical adrenalectomy as a form of hormone ablative treatment for postmenopausal women. To these methods were added surgical hypophysectomy and hormonal additive therapies such as the use of androgens, estrogens, progestins, and glucocorticoids (3). Since only one-third of patients experienced objective tumor regression with any of these hormonal therapies, clinicians began to favor use of cytotoxic chemotherapies in the 1960s and 1970s. During this time multiple chemotherapeutic regimens were developed which gained wide acceptance and enthusiastic support (3). However, when hormone receptor measurements were introduced in the mid-1970s, better selection of patients with hormonally responsive tumors became possible, and new impetus was provided for optimizing hormonal therapies. These developments led to the accumulation of a large body of clinical data regarding hormonal agents and provided clinicians with a broad armamentarium for the treatment of patients at the present time. We will summarize this information with the goals of highlighting specific endocrinological aspects of breast cancer treatment and providing practical perspective for choosing among various agents. Where recent comprehensive reviews are readily available, only pertinent concepts are highlighted.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1210/edrv-11-2-221

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 402

Discovery of a novel class of aldol-derived 1,2,3-triazoles: Potent and selective inhibitors of human cytochrome P450 19A1 (aromatase)
McNulty, J., Nair, J. J., Vurgun, N., et al. (2011) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.039 · Cited by 27
Local biosynthesis and metabolism of oestrogens in the human breast
Thijssen, J. H. H. (2004) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2004.06.004 · Cited by 27
“An additional argument for a role of oestrogens in promoting the growth rate of breast tumours is the fact that successful endocrine therapeutic manipulations almost invariably are aimed at interfering with oestrogen action or biosynthesis, either directly or indirectly [15,16].”
Background
Steroid hormones and cancer: (III) Observations from human subjects
Miller, W. R., & Langdon, S. P. (1997) · European Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1016/s0748-7983(97)80014-5 · Cited by 27
Aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer therapy
Brueggemeier, R. W. (2002) · Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy · doi:10.1586/14737140.2.2.181 · Cited by 27
Growth inhibition of estrogen independent MXT mouse mammary carcinomas in mice treated with an agonist or antagonist of LH-RH, an analog of somatostatin, or a combination
Szepesházi, K., Milovanović, S. R., Lapis, K., et al. (1992) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/bf01975001 · Cited by 27
“Since various hormones and growth factors are involved in breast cancer growth, each endocrine therapy could influence the process somewhat differently [3].”
BackgroundInfluential
Effects of the aromatase inhibitor Fadrozole on plasma sex steroid secretion and oocyte maturation in female coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) during vitellogenesis
Afonso, L. O. B., Iwama, G. K., Smith, J. L., et al. (1999) · Fish Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1023/a:1007771723367 · Cited by 26
“The growth of several types of breast cancer tumor is estrogen dependent, and aromatase inhibitors (AI) can reduce estrogen synthesis (Steele et al. 1987; Santen et al. 1990).”
Background
Impact on estrogen receptor binding and target tissue uptake of [18F]fluorine substitution at the 16α-position of fulvestrant (faslodex; ICI 182,780)
Seimbille, Y., Bénard, F., Rousseau, J. A., et al. (2004) · Nuclear Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2004.02.010 · Cited by 26
Biology of female sex hormone action in relation to contraceptive agents and neoplasia
King, R. J. B. (1991) · Contraception · doi:10.1016/0010-7824(91)90002-w · Cited by 26
Assessing the estrogenic and dioxin-like activities of chemicals and complex mixtures using in vitro recombinant receptorreporter gene assays
Balaguer, P., Joyeu×, A., Denison, M. S., et al. (1996) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/y96-008 · Cited by 26
De Novo Synthesized Estradiol: A Role in Modulating the Cerebellar Function
Dieni, C. V., Contemori, S., Biscarini, A., & Panichi, R. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21093316 · Cited by 25
“ataxia, a form of motor coordination impairment typically named dysmetria, and dizziness [183,184].”
Background
Effect of anastrozole and tamoxifen on lipid metabolism in Japanese postmenopausal women with early breast cancer
Sawada, S., Sato, K., Kusuhara, M., et al. (2005) · Acta Oncologica · doi:10.1080/02841860510007585 · Cited by 25
“Many breast cancers depend on estrogen for their continued growth, and depriving tumors of this stimulus is an established method of treating the disease [1,2].”
Method
Synthesis of new potent and selective aromatase inhibitors based on long-chained diarylalkylimidazole and diarylalkyltriazole molecule skeletons
Karjalainen, A., Kalapudas, A., Södervall, M., et al. (2000) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(00)00074-9 · Cited by 24
Tamoxifen-induced light and electron microscopic changes in the rat testicular morphology and serum hormonal profile of reproductive hormones
Gopalkrishnan, K., Gill-Sharma, M. K., Balasinor, N., et al. (1998) · Contraception · doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00025-0 · Cited by 24
Role of Coactivators and Corepressors in Steroid and Nuclear Receptor Signaling: Potential Markers of Tumor Growth and Drug Sensitivity
Cottone, E., Orso, F., Biglia, N., Sismondi, P., & Bortoli, M. D. (2001) · The International Journal of Biological Markers · doi:10.1177/172460080101600301 · Cited by 24
“For example, the estrogen receptor has such an important role in promoting the growth and progression of breast cancer that antiestrogenic therapy is one of the most well-established treatments for breast cancer (81-85).”
Background
Endocrinological and clinical evaluation of two doses of formestane in advanced breast cancer
Bajetta, E., Zilembo, N., Buzzoni, R., et al. (1994) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1994.265 · Cited by 24
Increased High Molecular Weight FGF2 in Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer
Sahores, A., Figueroa, V., May, M., et al. (2018) · Hormones and Cancer · doi:10.1007/s12672-018-0339-4 · Cited by 23
Ovarian cysts in tamoxifen-treated women with breast cancer
İnal, M. M., İncebıyık, A., Şancı, M., et al. (2005) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.09.006 · Cited by 23
“Tamoxifen is a nonsteroidal antiestrogen that is demonstrably effective in the treatment of early and metastatic breast cancer [7,8].”
Background
Letrozole (CGS 20267), A New Oral Aromatase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Patients
Trunet, P. F., Bhatnagar, A. S., Chaudri, H. A., & Hornberger, U. (1996) · Acta Oncologica · doi:10.3109/02841869609083962 · Cited by 22
HORMONAL THERAPY FOR BREAST CANCER
Gradishar, W. J., & Jordan, V. C. (1999) · Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8588(05)70064-2 · Cited by 23
Estrogen receptors: Ligand discrimination and antiestrogen action
Katzenellenbogen, B. S., Fang, H., Ince, B. A., et al. (1993) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/bf00683190 · Cited by 23
“The actions of estrogens are antagonized by antiestrogens, which bind to the ER in a manner that is competitive with estrogen but fail to effectively activate gene transcription [ 13-17 ].”
Background
Endocrine Therapy in Premenopausal Hormone Receptor Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Receptor 2 Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: Between Guidelines and Literature
Tancredi, R. J., Furlanetto, J., & Loibl, S. (2018) · The Oncologist · doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0077 · Cited by 22
Targeting FGFR with BGJ398 in Breast Cancer: Effect on Tumor Growth and Metastasis
Sahores, A., May, M., Sequeira, G. R., et al. (2017) · Current Cancer Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1568009618666171214114706 · Cited by 22
Expansion of CD11b+Ly6G+Ly6Cint cells driven by medroxyprogesterone acetate in mice bearing breast tumors restrains NK cell effector functions
Spallanzani, R. G., Dalotto‐Moreno, T., Iraolagoitia, X. L. R., Ziblat, A., Domaica, C. I., Avila, D. E., Rossi, L. E., Fuertes, M. B., Battistone, M. A., Rabinovich, G. A., et al. (2013) · Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy · doi:10.1007/s00262-013-1483-x · Cited by 22
“Hormone replacement therapy with synthetic analogs of progesterone (known as progestins) was originally conceived to restore hormonal homeostasis in climacteric women [5], but these compounds were also used for the treatment of other health conditions such as endometrial hyperplasia, endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, and a…”
Background
Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Gene That Is Regulated by Estrogen and Is Associated with Mammary Gland Carcinogenesis*
Marcantonio, D. D., Chalifour, L. E., Alaoui‐Jamali, M. A., et al. (2001) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.142.6.8154 · Cited by 22
LH-RH analogue carrying a cytotoxic radical is internalized by rat pituitary cells in vitro
Szoke, B. G., Horvath, J. E., Halmos, G., et al. (1994) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/0196-9781(94)90024-8 · Cited by 22
Origin and characteristics of adverse events in aromatase inhibition therapy for breast cancer
Dowsett, M. (2003) · Seminars in Oncology · doi:10.1016/s0093-7754(03)00300-2 · Cited by 22
Selective oestrogen receptor modifiers (SERMs) and breast cancer therapy
Lien, E. A., & Lønning, P. E. (2000) · Cancer Treatment Reviews · doi:10.1053/ctrv.1999.0162 · Cited by 22
Mechanistic Effects of Estrogens on Breast Cancer
Santen, R. J., Stuenkel, C. A., & Yue, W. (2022) · The Cancer Journal · doi:10.1097/ppo.0000000000000596 · Cited by 21
“Notably, the derivation of estrogen by surgical ablation of the ovaries results in tumor adaptation.(52) Premenopausal women with breast cancer initially experience tumor regression with estrogen deprivation induced by bilateral oophorectomy, which lowers estradiol levels from 40 to 600 pg/mL (range of premenopausal l…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Synthesis of some novel androstanes as potential aromatase inhibitors
Yadav, M. R., Sabale, P., Giridhar, R., Zimmer, C., Haupenthal, J., & Hartmann, R. W. (2011) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2010.12.013 · Cited by 21
Identification of genes involved in growth inhibition of breast cancer cells transduced with estrogen receptor
Licznar, A., Caporali, S., Lucas, A., Weisz, A., Vignon, F., & Lazennec, G. (2003) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(03)01090-1 · Cited by 21
Aromatase inhibitors in advanced breast cancer
Mouridsen, H. T. (2004) · Seminars in Oncology · doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2004.09.020 · Cited by 21
Cytoplasmic mutant p53 increases Bcl-2 expression in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells
Pratt, M. A. C., White, D. M., Kushwaha, N., Tibbo, E., & Niu, M. Y. (2007) · APOPTOSIS · doi:10.1007/s10495-006-0023-y · Cited by 20
“More than half of newly diagnosed breast cancers express the estrogen receptor and are dependent on E2 for growth and tumorigenicity [14, 15 ].”
Background
Clinical Use of Aromatase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer
Trunet, P. F., Vreeland, F., Royce, C., Chaudri, H. A., Cooper, J., & Bhatnagar, A. S. (1997) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-0760(97)80018-0 · Cited by 21
The Endogenous Progesterone Metabolite, 5α-Pregnane-3,20-dione, Decreases Cell-Substrate Attachment, Adhesion Plaques, Vinculin Expression, and Polymerized F-actin in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Wiebe, J. P., & Muzia, D. (2001) · Endocrine · doi:10.1385/endo:16:1:07 · Cited by 21
Molecular identification of steroid analogs with dissociated antiprogestin activities
Wehle, H., Moll, J., & Cato, A. C. B. (1995) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/0039-128x(94)00067-m · Cited by 20
Clinical utility of exemestane in the treatment of breast cancer
Montemurro, F., Zucchini, G., Geuna, E., Milani, A., Aversa, C., & Martinello, R. (2015) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s69475 · Cited by 21
Liver metastases from breast cancer: management of patients with significant liver dysfunction
Mano, M. S., Cassidy, J., & Canney, P. A. (2004) · Cancer Treatment Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2004.09.007 · Cited by 20
Adenovirus-Mediated Delivery of a Dominant Negative Estrogen Receptor Gene Abrogates Estrogen-Stimulated Gene Expression and Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation
Lazennec, G. (1999) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.13.6.969 · Cited by 20
Resistance to Endocrine Therapy of Breast Cancer: Recent Advances and Tomorrow's Challenges
Geisler, J., & Lønning, P. E. (2001) · Clinical Breast Cancer · doi:10.3816/cbc.2001.n.004 · Cited by 21
Systemic Therapy in Breast Cancer
Corry, J. F., & Lønning, P. E. (1994) · PharmacoEconomics · doi:10.2165/00019053-199405030-00004 · Cited by 20
Mechanisms of growth inhibition by antiestrogens and progestins in human breast and endometrial cancer cells
Murphy, L. C., Dotzlaw, H., Alkhalaf, M., et al. (1992) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(92)90195-o · Cited by 20
Estrogens and Antiestrogens
Jordan, V. C. (2002) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-12-227555-1/00077-0 · Cited by 20
The Emerging Roles of Steroid Hormone Receptors in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) of the Breast
Villanueva, H. J., Grimm, S. L., Dhamne, S., Rajapakshe, K., Visbal, A. P., Davis, C. M., Ehli, E. A., Hartig, S. M., Coarfa, C., & Edwards, D. P. (2018) · Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia · doi:10.1007/s10911-018-9416-0 · Cited by 18
Demethylation of promoter C region of estrogen receptor α gene is correlated with its enhanced expression in estrogen-ablation resistant MCF-7 cells
Sogon, T., Masamura, S., Hayashi, S., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.104 · Cited by 19
“Second-line therapy with surgical oophorectomy or with aromatase inhibitors can then induce additional tumor regression by lowering E2 concentrations further to 1–5 pg/ml [4].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Evaluation of a bromine-76-labeled progestin 16α,17α-dioxolane for breast tumor imaging and radiotherapy: in vivo biodistribution and metabolic stability studies
Zhou, D., Sharp, T. L., Fettig, N. M., et al. (2008) · Nuclear Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2008.05.001 · Cited by 19
“However, a PR-based radioligand has some potential advantages over an ER-based one: (1) there is a better correlation between PR status and hormonal responsiveness than there is with ER status [25–29]; (2) a PR-based ligand could be used after the initiation of anti-estrogen hormonal therapy, whereas an ERbased one wo…”
Background
Aromatase overexpression enhances the stimulatory effects of adrenal androgens on MCF7 breast cancer cells
Maggiolini, M., Bonofiglio, D., Pezzi, V., et al. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0303-7207(02)00091-6 · Cited by 19
LH-RH Agonists in the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer: Ten Years’ Experience
Klijn, J. G. M. (1992) · Recent results in cancer research/Recent Results in Cancer Research · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-2186-0_8 · Cited by 19
Inhibitory effect of a novel non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, YM511 on the proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cell
Kudoh, M., Susaki, Y., Ideyama, Y., et al. (1996) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(96)00023-4 · Cited by 18
Recent progress in development of aromatase inhibitors
Santen, R. J. (1990) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(90)90461-s · Cited by 18
Self-citation
Capillary gas chromatographic determination of Tamoxifen in the presence of a number of antidepressants in urine
Rodrı́guez, J., Berzas, J. J., Contento, A. M., et al. (2003) · Journal of Separation Science · doi:10.1002/jssc.200301503 · Cited by 18
Hormonal effects of MPV‐2213ad, a new selective aromatase inhibitor, in healthy male subjects. A phase I study
Ahokoski, O., Irjala, K., Huupponen, R., Halonen, K., Salminen, E. K., & Scheinin, H. (1998) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00654.x · Cited by 17
Synthesis of 16α-fluoro ICI 182,780 derivatives: powerful antiestrogens to image estrogen receptor densities in breast cancer by positron emission tomography
Seimbille, Y., Bénard, F., & van Lier, J. E. (2002) · Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions 1 · doi:10.1039/b205571f · Cited by 18
The National Cancer Data Base report on colon cancer
Jessup, J. M., McGinnis, L. S., Steele, G. D., Menck, H. R., & Winchester, D. P. (1996) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960815)78:4 · Cited by 259
Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor is a target and a mediator of estrogen action in breast cancer
Vindrieux, D., Corre, L. L., Hsieh, J., Métivier, R., Escobar, P., Caicedo, A., Brigitte, M., & Lazennec, G. (2011) · Endocrine Related Cancer · doi:10.1530/erc-10-0230 · Cited by 17
“The growth of w70% of all human breast cancers is dependent upon the presence of an estradiol (E2)–ER complex (Santen et al. 1990).”
Background
Local aromatase activity in human breast tissues
Thijssen, J. H. H., Daroszewski, J., Milewicz, A., & Blankenstein, M. A. (1993) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(93)90262-u · Cited by 17
Steroidal carbonitriles as potential aromatase inhibitors
Yadav, M. R., Sabale, P., Giridhar, R., Zimmer, C., & Hartmann, R. W. (2012) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2012.04.010 · Cited by 16
“Clinical studies initially confirmed that administration of the first generation inhibitor aminoglutethimide, caused regression of hormone-dependent breast cancer in women [22].”
Background
Novel inhibitor discovery against aromatase through virtual screening and molecular dynamic simulation
Asadabadi, E. B., Chupani, L., Jamalan, M., Mirzaie, S., & Shahverdi, A. R. (2013) · EXCLI journal · doi:10.17877/de290r-10661 · Cited by 16
Aromatase inhibitors fromIsodon excisus var.coreanus
Jeong, H., Chang, L. C., Kim, H.-K., et al. (2000) · Archives of Pharmacal Research · doi:10.1007/bf02976453 · Cited by 16
Steroid Receptor Heterogeneity in Relation to DNA Index in Breast Cancer: A Multiparameter Flow Cytometric Approach on Paraffin-Embedded Tumor Samples
Leers, M. P. G., & Nap, M. (2001) · The Breast Journal · doi:10.1046/j.1524-4741.2001.20108.x · Cited by 16
Automated synthesis of 11β-methoxy-4,16α-[16α-18F]difluoroestradiol (4F-M[18F]FES) for estrogen receptor imaging by positron emission tomography
Ahmed, N. A., Langlois, R., Rodrigue, S., et al. (2007) · Nuclear Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.02.001 · Cited by 16
Liver metastases: Can our understanding of their biology and prognostic value contribute to a strategy for optimum therapeutic management?
Pritchard, K. I. (1997) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/s0959-8049(97)90003-4 · Cited by 16
Steroid Receptor Ligands for Breast Cancer Targeting: An Insight into Their Potential Role As Pet Imaging Agents
Oliveira, M. C., Neto, C., Morais, G. R., et al. (2013) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/092986713804806658 · Cited by 15
“However, a PR-based radioligand has some potential advantages over an ER-based one, since there is a better correlation between PR status and hormonal responsiveness than there is with ER status [241-244].”
Background
Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Breast Cancer Risk
Nachtigall, L. E. (1999) · Primary Care Update for OB/GYNS · doi:10.1016/s1068-607x(98)00182-6 · Cited by 15
Identification of an exon 3 deletion splice variant androgen receptor mRNA in human breast cancer
Zhu, X., Daffada, A. A. I., Chan, C. M. W., & Dowsett, M. (1997) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19970807)72:4 · Cited by 74
Premenopausal Breast Cancer
Sayer, H. G., Kath, R., Kliche, K.-O., et al. (2002) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-200262140-00003 · Cited by 15
“A meta-analysis from eight phase II and two phase III trials in 348 premenopausal patients treated with tamoxifen reported an objective response rate of 30%.[48] A further meta-analysis of small studies showed an objective response of 38% with single LHRH agonist treatment in premenopausal patients with metastatic bre…”
High passage T47D human breast cancer cells: altered endocrine and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin responsiveness
Fernández, P., Burghardt, R. C., Smith, R., et al. (1994) · European Journal of Pharmacology Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0926-6917(94)90080-9 · Cited by 15
Effects of combined and sequential treatment with tamoxifen and the aromatase inhibitor vorozole on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced mammary carcinoma in the rat
Ginckel, R. V., Janssens, B., Callens, M., et al. (1996) · Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002800050442 · Cited by 15
“Tamoxifen and its analogs compete for the estrogen receptor, whereas aromatase inhibitors block the conversion of androgens to estrogens [2, 15, 18 ].”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women with advanced metastatic breast cancer treated with CGS 169 49A
Svenstrup, B., Herrstedt, J., Brünner, N., et al. (1994) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/0959-8049(94)90168-6 · Cited by 15
Activity of taspine isolated from Radix et Rhizoma Leonticis against estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer
Zhan, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, Y., et al. (2011) · Fitoterapia · doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2011.05.004 · Cited by 14
Evaluation of binding of cytotoxic analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone to human breast cancer and mouse MXT mammary tumor
Milovanović, S. R., Radulovic, S. S., & Schally, A. V. (1992) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/bf01961247 · Cited by 14
“Several clinical and experimental studies have shown that chronic administration of LH-RH agonists or antagonists inhibits the growth of estrogen dependent and independent mammary tumors by inducing a state of pituitary desensitization and ovarian hormone ablation [1-8].”
Background
Steroid hormone secretion in inflammatory breast cancer cell lines
Illera, J. C., Cáceres, S., Peña, L., et al. (2015) · Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1515/hmbci-2015-0024 · Cited by 14
“Some authors reported that P4 has effects on breast cancer while others indicated that there is no direct effect in human [43] or canine [44] tumors.”
Background
Efficacy of Exemestane After Nonsteroidal Aromatase inhibitor Use in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients
Kim, S. H., Park, I. H., Lee, H., et al. (2012) · Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.3.979 · Cited by 13
Effects of Anastrozole on Lipid Metabolism Compared with Tamoxifen in Rats
Hozumi, Y., Hakamata, Y., Sasanuma, H., Ogura, S., & Nagai, H. (2002) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1023/a:1020571617274 · Cited by 13
“Hormone therapy is widely accepted in the overall treatment of breast cancer [1].”
Background
Progesterone regulates the proliferation of breast cancer cells – in vitro evidence
Sreeja, S., Azeez, J. M., Sithul, H., et al. (2015) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s89390 · Cited by 12
“15–17 Progesterone, the dominant hormone of the luteal phase, impacts the growth inhibition of breast cancer, which should generate research attention.”
Farnesylthiosalicylic acid: inhibition of proliferation and enhancement of apoptosis of hormone-dependent breast cancer cells
Santen, R. J., Lynch, A. R., Neal, L. R., et al. (2005) · Anti-Cancer Drugs · doi:10.1097/01.cad.0000185184.64980.39 · Cited by 12
Self-citation
New aromatase inhibitors for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women
de Jong, P. (1999) · The Netherlands Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0300-2977(99)00030-3 · Cited by 12
Value of Estrogenic Recruitment Before Chemotherapy: First Randomized Trial in Primary Breast Cancer
Bontenbal, M., van Putten, W. L. J., Burghouts, J., et al. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2000.18.4.734 · Cited by 12
Synthetic estrogens-mediated activation of JNK intracellular signaling molecule
Prifti, S., Mall, P., Strowitzki, T., et al. (2001) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/gye.15.2.135.141 · Cited by 12
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a fluorine-18 labeled estrogen receptor-α selective ligand: [18F] propyl pyrazole triol
Vijaykumar, D., Al-Qahtani, M. H., Welch, M. J., & Katzenellenbogen, J. A. (2003) · Nuclear Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/s0969-8051(02)00446-8 · Cited by 11
Current status of estrogen receptors
Ray, S., Rastogi, R., & Kumar, A. (2002) · Birkhäuser Basel eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8171-5_7 · Cited by 11
Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Breast Cancer
Klijn, J. G. M., Berns, E. M. J. J., & Foekens, J. A. (1999) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-699-7_14 · Cited by 11
Biodistribution and dosimetry of (iodine-123)-iodomethyl- N , N -diethyltamoxifen, an (anti)oestrogen receptor radioligand
de Wiele, C. V., Vos, F. D., SUTTER, J. D., et al. (1999) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s002590050581 · Cited by 11
ORG 33201: A new highly selective orally active aromatase inhibitor
Geelen, J., Loozen, H. J. J., Deckers, G. H., et al. (1993) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(93)90281-z · Cited by 11
Novel Non-Steroidal Aromatase Inhibitors: Are There New Perspectives in the Treatment of Breast Cancer?
Bajetta, E., Celio, L., Buzzoni, R., et al. (1996) · Tumori Journal · doi:10.1177/030089169608200501 · Cited by 11
Drug response of captured BT20 cells and evaluation of circulating tumor cells on a silicon nanowire platform
Kim, D.-J., Lee, W., Park, N., et al. (2014) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.057 · Cited by 10
“Tamoxifen, a synthetic non-steroidal compound, inhibits the growth of estrogen stimulated breast tumor cells, and has clear efficacy in the treatment of women with estrogen receptor (ER)positive breast cancer (Jordan, 1990; Jordan and Murphy, 1990b; Santen et al., 1990).”
Background
Targeted functional imaging in breast cancer
Kumar, R. (2006) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s00259-006-0284-2 · Cited by 10
Enhanced formation of non-phenolic androgen metabolites with intrinsic oestrogen-like gene transactivation potency in human breast cancer cells: a distinctive metabolic pattern
Pérez‐Palacios, G., Santillán, R., Garcı́a-Becerra, R., Borja-Cacho, E., Larrea, F., Damián‐Matsumura, P., González-Núñez, L., & Lemus, A. E. (2006) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.1.06407 · Cited by 10
“To avoid oestrogen formation, several aromatase inhibitors have been widely used in therapeutic schemes in breast cancer (Coombes et al. 1987, Santen et al. 1990, Demers 1994, Goss 1999, Ragaz 1999, Sasano et al. 1999), although the oestrogen-like effects of androgens are not completely suppressed…”
Method
Novel Endocrine Therapies in Breast Cancer
Klijn, J. G. M., Setyono-Han, B., Bontenbal, M., Seynaeve, C., & Foekens, J. A. (1996) · Acta Oncologica · doi:10.3109/02841869609083965 · Cited by 10
The potentiation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity by tamoxifen in female CD1 mice
MacKenzie, S. A., Thomas, T., Umbreit, T. H., et al. (1992) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0041-008x(92)90150-q · Cited by 10
Effect of a cytotoxic analog of LH-RH (T-98) on the growth of estrogendependent MXT mouse mammary cancers: Correlations between growth characteristics and EGF receptor content of tumors
Szepesházi, K., Schally, A. V., Halmos, G., et al. (1996) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/bf01806208 · Cited by 10
“Occasional responses to LH-RH agonists have also been reported in postmenopausal women [2, 6, 7] and were explained by direct action of analogs on tumors.”
BackgroundInfluential
Inhibition of NF-κB-mediated transcription and induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by epoxypseudoisoeugenol-2-methyl butyrate
Ma, G., Tabanca, N., Başer, K. H. C., et al. (2008) · Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00280-008-0784-9 · Cited by 9
“Numerous experimental and clinical studies have established that estrogen plays a major role in the initiation and progression of breast cancers [25, 26].”
Background
Cannabinoid as Potential Aromatase Inhibitor Through Molecular Modeling and Screening for Anti-Cancer Activity
Baroi, S., Saha, A., Bachar, R., & Bachar, S. C. (2020) · Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.3329/dujps.v19i1.47818 · Cited by 9
“Aminoglutethimide and testololactone are the first-generation aromatase inhibitors, related with unspecific action that leads to induction of various kind of side effects.(8) Recent FDA- approved drugs, such as exemestane(9) as an steroid inhibitor, letrozole(10) and anastrozole(11) as non-steroid specific aromatase i…”
Background
Effects of the antiestrogen EM-800 (SCH 57050) and cyclophosphamide alone and in combination on growth of human ZR-75-1 breast cancer xenografts in nude mice.
Gutman, M., Couillard, S., Labrie, F., et al. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 9
The role of aromatase inactivators in the treatment of breast cancer
Lønning, P. E. (2002) · International Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s101470200038 · Cited by 9
Effect of treatment with LHRH analogs containing cytotoxic radicals on the binding characteristics of receptors for luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone in MXT mouse mammary carcinoma
Milovanović, S. R., Monje, E., Szepesházi, K., et al. (1993) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/bf01212725 · Cited by 9
“Because of the limitations of antiestrogen therapy, the possibility of combining hormonal treatment with cytotoxic drugs as therapy for mammary cancer has been raised (Santeen et al. 1990).”
BackgroundInfluential
Novel Targets for Lung Cancer Therapy
Siegfried, J. M., & Stabile, L. P. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-31040-1_35 · Cited by 9
11 Hormone therapy following breast and uterine cancer
Wren, B. G. (1993) · Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0950-351x(05)80277-0 · Cited by 9
Enhanced c-jun activity alters responsiveness to medroxyprogesterone acetate in Ishikawa human endometrial carcinoma cells.
Alkhalaf, M., Murphy, L. J., & Murphy, L. C. (1993) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend.7.12.8145769 · Cited by 9
Optimization of a classical aromatase activity assay and application in normal, adenomatous and malignant breast parenchyma
Dikkeschei, L. D., Wolthers, B. G., Bos-Zuur, I., et al. (1996) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-0760(96)00119-7 · Cited by 9
Prognostic and Predictive Factors and Targets for Therapy in Breast Cancer
Klijn, J. G. M., Berns, E. M. J. J., & Foekens, J. A. (2002) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9780203909249-7 · Cited by 9

Authors: SANTEN, R. J., MANNI, A., HARVEY, H., & REDMOND, C.
Affiliations: Pennsylvania State University (US)
Corresponding author: SANTEN, RICHARD J.
ORCID: SANTEN, RICHARD J.
Venue: Endocrine Reviews
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 1990-05
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Pages: 221-265
ISSN: 0163-769X (ISSN-L)
1945-7189
DOI: 10.1210/edrv-11-2-221
OpenAlex: W2114712559
Cited by: 399
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 11.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Endocrine Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Advanced Breast Cancer Therapies
Keywords: breast cancer, endocrine therapy, hormone therapy, oophorectomy, adrenalectomy, hypophysectomy, androgens, estrogen, progestins, glucocorticoids, tumor regression, treatment selection
MeSH terms: Androgens, Breast Neoplasms, Estrogen Antagonists, Estrogens, Female, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Progestins

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Endocrine Treatment of Breast Cancer in Women

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks