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Tissue-specific regulation of fatty acid synthesis by thyroid hormone
Abstract
It is generally agreed that thyroid hormone stimulates the hepatic synthesis of long chain fatty acids in the rat. However, there are conflicting data about its effects in white adipose tissue, while in brown adipose tissue, lipogenic rates are highest in hypothyroid animals. We have systematically examined the effect of thyroid state on lipogenesis in different rat tissues. Fatty acid synthesis was assessed in vivo, using the incorporation of tritiated water. Hepatic lipogenesis was induced 16-fold between hypothyroid (4.1 +/- 0.6 microns H incorporated/g.h) and hyperthyroid rats (66.5 +/- 13.2 microns H/g.h). Kidney and heart were much less lipogenically active, but also responded positively to thyroid hormone. Both hyper- and hypothyroidism diminished fatty acid synthesis in retroperitoneal fat and had similar, although not significant, effects in epididymal fat. However, epididymal adipocytes, taken from hyperthyroid rats and cultured in vitro, were 3 times more lipogenically active than cells from either hypo- or euthyroid animals. Lipogenesis in sc fat from hyperthyroid rats was enhanced when calculated per g tissue, but was not different when expressed per whole tissue. In brown adipose tissue, lipogenesis was inversely related to thyroid hormone status. Fatty acid synthesis in brain, lung, skin, and bone and muscle did not respond to changes in thyroid state. TLC confirmed that greater than 90% of the incorporated tritium was in fatty acids. Thus, in hypothyroid anima…
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“Furthermore, the retroperitoneal fat pad appears to be more sensitive to thyroid hormone action than epididymal fat, as previously reported in hyperthyroid rats (Blennemann et al. 1992); therefore, it is unsurprising that 3,5-T2 treatment did not significantly affect epididymal fat mass in this study.”
From Administration of 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) causes central hypothyroidism and stimulates thyroid-sensitive tissues (2014) · cites this paper as Blennemann et al. 1992
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Cited by
Padron, A. S., Neto, R. A. L., Pantaleão, T. U., de Souza dos Santos, M. C., Araujo, R. L., de Andrade, B. M., da Silva Leandro, M., de Castro, J. P. S. W., Ferreira, A. C. F., & de Carvalho, D. P. (2014) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-13-0502 · Cited by 69
Metadata
- Authors
- Blennemann, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Connecticut (US)
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1992-02-01
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 637-643
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1970329158
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R29DK041705, DK41705)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- thyroid hormones, fatty acid synthesis, lipogenesis, tissue-specific gene regulation, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, liver, brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue, epididymal adipose tissue, retroperitoneal fat, tissue-specific gene expression
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Fatty Acids, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Liver, Male, Organ Specificity, Rats, Inbred Strains, Reference Values, Thyroid Gland, Triiodothyronine, Rats
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