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Cited by 561Hormonal and reproductive studiesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Low Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Total Testosterone, and Symptomatic Androgen Deficiency Are Associated with Development of the Metabolic Syndrome in Nonobese Men

Kupelian, Varant, Page, Stephanie T., Araujo, Andre B., Travison, Thomas G., Bremner, William J., McKinlay, John B.·2006·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
DOI 10.1210/jc.2005-1326
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Abstract

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by central obesity, lipid and insulin dysregulation, and hypertension, is a precursor state for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether low serum sex hormone levels or clinical androgen deficiency (AD) predict the development of MetS. Methods: Data were obtained from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study, a population-based prospective cohort of 1709 men observed at three time points (T1, 1987–1989; T2, 1995–1997; T3, 2002–2004). MetS was defined using a modification of the ATP III guidelines. Clinical AD was defined using a combination of testosterone levels and clinical signs and symptoms. The association between MetS and sex hormone levels or clinical AD was assessed using relative risks (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using Poisson regression models. Results: Analysis was conducted in 950 men without MetS at T1. Lower levels of total testosterone and SHBG were predictive of MetS, particularly among men with a body mass index (BMI) below 25 kg/m2 with adjusted RRs for a decrease in 1 sd of 1.41 (95% CI, 1.06–1.87) and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.12–2.42). Results were similar for the AD and MetS association, with RRs of 2.51 (95% CI, 1.12–5.65) among men with a BMI less than 25 compared with an RR of 1.22 (95% CI, 0.66–2.24) in men with a BMI of 25 or greater. Conclusions: Low serum SHBG, low total testosterone, and clinical AD are associated with increased risk of developing MetS over time, particularly in nonoverweight, middle-aged men (BMI, <25). Together, these results suggest that low SHBG and/or AD may provide early warning signs for cardiovascular risk and an opportunity for early intervention in nonobese men.

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  1. Matthews, 1996, Statistics notes, Interaction 2: compare effect sizes not P values. Br Med J, 313, 808

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Metadata

Authors
Kupelian, V., Page, S. T., Araujo, A. B., Travison, T. G., Bremner, W. J., & McKinlay, J. B.
Affiliations
  • New England Research Institutes (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • New England Research Institutes (V.K., A.B.A., T.G.T., J.B.M.), Watertown, Massachusetts 02472
Corresponding author
McKinlay, John B.
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2006-03-01
Volume
91
Issue
3
Pages
843-850
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
DOI
10.1210/jc.2005-1326
OpenAlex
W2155165820
Cited by
561
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 51
FWCI
40.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • World Health Organization
  • National Institute on Aging (AG 04763, K23AG027238)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 51345, R01DK044995, DK44995, R01DK051345)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords
metabolic syndrome, sex hormone-binding globulin, total testosterone, androgen deficiency, cardiovascular risk, middle-aged men, body mass index, Massachusetts Male Aging Study, risk prediction
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Androgens, Body Weight, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Male, Massachusetts, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Socioeconomic Factors, Testosterone, Cohort Studies, Metabolic Syndrome

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