The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evidence for a Causal Role of Low Energy Availability in the Induction of Menstrual Cycle Disturbances during Strenuous Exercise Training
Abstract
Cross-sectional and short-term prospective studies in humans support the concept that low energy availability, and not other factors associated with exercise, causes the development of exercise-induced reproductive dysfunction. To rigorously test this hypothesis, we performed a longitudinal study, examining the role of low energy availability on both the development and the reversal of exercise-induced amenorrhea, using a monkey model (Macaca fascicularis). Eight adult female monkeys developed amenorrhea (defined as absence of menses for at least 100 d, with low and unchanging concentrations of LH, FSH, E2, and P4) after gradually increasing their daily exercise to 12.3 +/- 0.9 km/d of running over a 7- to 24-month period. Food intake remained constant during exercise training. To test whether amenorrhea is caused by low energy availability, four of the eight amenorrheic monkeys were provided with supplemental calories (138-181% of calorie intake during amenorrhea) while they maintained their daily training. All four monkeys exhibited increased reproductive hormone levels and reestablished ovulatory cycles, with recovery times for circulating gonadotropin levels ranging from 12-57 d from the initiation of supplemental feeding. The rapidity of recovery within the reproductive axis in a given monkey was directly related to the amount of energy that was consumed during the period of supplemental feeding (r = -0.97; P < 0.05). Repeated measurements of plasma T3 concentrations, a marker of cellular energy availability, revealed a tight correlation between the changes in reproductive function and T3 levels, such that T3 significantly decreased (27%) with the induction and significantly increased (18%) with the reversal of amenorrhea (P < 0.05). These data provide strong evidence that low energy availability plays a causal role in the development of exercise-induced amenorrhea.
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Cites
Low energy availability, not stress of exercise, alters LH pulsatility in exercising women
Loucks, A. B., Verdun, M., Heath, E. M., & (With the Technical Assistance of T. Law, S. A. J. R. T. (1998) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1998.84.1.37 · Cited by 539 · cited 1×
“(43), who showed that a significant decrease in T3 occurs in association with a reduction in LH pulse frequency during experiments in which low energy availability is produced by a combination of exercise and caloric restriction.”
BackgroundLoucks, A. B. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.78.4.910 · Cited by 174
Selenium and training effects on the glutathione system and aerobic performance
TESSIER, F., MARGARITIS, I., RICHARD, M.-J., MOYNOT, C., & MARCONNET, P. (1995) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199503000-00015 · Cited by 107
Veldhuis, J. D. (1993) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.76.3.587 · Cited by 102
Slow restoration of LH pulsatility by refeeding in energetically disrupted women
Loucks, A. B., Verdun, M., & Thuma), (. T. T. A. O. R. B. A. J. R. (1998) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1998.275.4.r1218 · Cited by 66
Cited by
Parent, A.-S., Teilmann, G., Juul, A., Skakkebaek, N. E., Toppari, J., & Bourguignon, J.-P. (2003) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2002-0019 · Cited by 1,762
(2007) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318149f111 · Cited by 1,554
Loucks, A. B., & Thuma, J. R. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-020369 · Cited by 760
De Souza, M. J., Nattiv, A., Joy, E., Misra, M., Williams, N. I., Mallinson, R. J., Gibbs, J. C., Olmsted, M., Goolsby, M., Matheson, G., et al. (2014) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093218 · Cited by 661
Self-citationDose-Response Relationships Between Energy Availability and Bone Turnover in Young Exercising Women
Ihle, R., & Loucks, A. B. (2004) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.040410 · Cited by 523
Metadata
- Authors
- Williams, N. I., Helmreich, D. L., Parfitt, D. B., Caston-Balderrama, A., & Cameron, J. L.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2001-11
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 5184-5193
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2111280763
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 8.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Williams, N. I., Helmreich, D. L., Parfitt, D. B., Caston-Balderrama, A., & Cameron, J. L. (2001). Evidence for a Causal Role of Low Energy Availability in the Induction of Menstrual Cycle Disturbances during Strenuous Exercise Training. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.86.11.8024
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
