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Cited by 297

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Möbius syndrome redefined: A syndrome of rhombencephalic maldevelopment

Verzijl, Harriëtte T.F.M., van der Zwaag, Bert, Cruysberg, Johannes R.M., Padberg, George W.·2003·Neurology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the variable clinical picture of Möbius syndrome (MIM no. 157900) and to further understand the pathogenesis of the disorder. METHODS: A standardized questionnaire was submitted to 37 Dutch patients with Möbius syndrome. All underwent standardized neurologic examination with special attention to cranial nerve functions, motor skills, and facial and limb anomalies. RESULTS: Of 37 patients with facial paresis, 97% had bilateral and 3% had unilateral ocular abduction weakness. Further analysis showed isolated abducens nerve palsy in 9%, a conjugated horizontal gaze paresis in 48%, features of Duane retraction syndrome in 34%, and congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles in 9%. Other signs included lingual involvement (77%), dysfunction of palate and pharynx (56%), general motor disability (88%), poor coordination (83%), and respiratory abnormalities (19%). CONCLUSION: Möbius syndrome is more than a cranial nerve or nuclear developmental disorder. It is a syndrome of rhombencephalic maldevelopment involving predominantly motor nuclei and axons, as well as traversing long tracts. The authors also noted gaze palsies, Duane retraction syndrome, feeding and respiratory problems, and poor motor development, suggesting a regional developmental disorder.

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Metadata

Authors
Verzijl, H. T. F. M., van der Zwaag, B., Cruysberg, J. R. M., & Padberg, G. W.
Venue
Neurology
Published
2003-08-12
Volume
61
Issue
3
Pages
327-333
ISSN
  • 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
  • 1526-632X
OpenAlex
W1983419838
Cited by
297
References
26
FWCI
7.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Möbius syndrome redefined: A syndrome of rhombencephalic maldevelopment. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1212/01.wnl.0000076484.91275.cd
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Verzijl, H. T. F. M., van der Zwaag, B., Cruysberg, J. R. M., & Padberg, G. W. (2003). Möbius syndrome redefined: A syndrome of rhombencephalic maldevelopment. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000076484.91275.cd

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