The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comment: Coma-causing brainstem lesions
Abstract
Arousal, or wakefulness, is an integral component of consciousness and prerequisite for other brain functions, yet its neuroanatomy in humans is poorly understood. Classically, the brainstem “reticular formation” has been considered important for wakefulness.1 Experiments in rodents suggest this brainstem area can be subdivided into functionally discrete regions, and that injury to one region in the pontine tegmentum reliably disrupts arousal and produces coma.2 A homologous brainstem region is likely present in humans, based on analysis of coma-causing lesions.3 However, it remains unclear whether there is a human brainstem site significantly more associated with coma-causing lesions than with non–coma-causing lesions, and exactly where this site is located. Such a brainstem site would likely maintain arousal through ascending projections to other brain regions (originally termed the ascending reticular activating system, or ARAS),1,4 but this network of brain regions in humans is also unclear.
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“One must add that if the self-organizing system at issue is a nervous system, then—odd as this may sound—it is important to recognize that all other bodily systems (e.g., the viscera) are “external” to the nervous system36.”
From The Hard Problem of Consciousness and the Free Energy Principle (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
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Cites
Caroline Schnakers, A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Giacino, J. T., Ventura, M., Boly, M., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2009) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/1471-2377-9-35 · Cited by 1,351
A human brain network derived from coma-causing brainstem lesions
Fischer, D. B., Boes, A. D., Athena Demertzi, A., Evrard, H., Laureys, S., Edlow, B. L., Liu, H., Saper, C. B., Pascual‐Leone, Á., Fox, M., et al. (2016) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000003404 · Cited by 283
Gosseries, O., Pistoia, F., Charland-Verville, V., Carolei, A., Sacco, S., & Laureys, S. (2016) · The Open Neuroimaging Journal · doi:10.2174/1874440001610010052 · Cited by 46
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The Hard Problem of Consciousness and the Free Energy Principle
Solms, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02714 · Cited by 239
“, coma) are located in or near the parabrachial nuclei of the pons (Parvizi and Damasio, 2003; Golaszewski, 2016).”
BackgroundChen, S., Wu, X., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Wu, B., Ge, M., Xu, Z., Ward, B. D., Li, S., Liu, X., et al. (2018) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.04.039 · Cited by 25
Dreams and the Hard Problem of Consciousness
Solms, M. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.24093-5 · Cited by 4
Dall’Aglio, J. (2026) · Theory & Psychology · doi:10.1177/09593543261460264 · Cited by 1
Solms, M. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29258-3.00045-8
Metadata
- Authors
- Golaszewski, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Paracelsus Medical University (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Golaszewski, S.M.
- ORCID
- Golaszewski, S.M.
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2016-12-06
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 2433-2433
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2560094789
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 0.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Keywords
- coma, brainstem lesions, arousal, wakefulness, reticular formation, pontine tegmentum, ascending reticular activating system, consciousness, neuroanatomy
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Stem, Coma, Humans
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