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Effects of acute sleep loss on diurnal plasma dynamics of CNS health biomarkers in young men
Open accessAbstract
Objective Disrupted sleep increases CSF levels of tau and β-amyloid (Aβ) and is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). Our aim was to determine whether acute sleep loss alters diurnal profiles of plasma-based AD-associated biomarkers. Methods In a 2-condition crossover study, 15 healthy young men participated in 2 standardized sedentary in-laboratory conditions in randomized order: normal sleep vs overnight sleep loss. Plasma levels of total tau (t-tau), Aβ40, Aβ42, neurofilament light chain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were assessed using ultrasensitive single molecule array assays or ELISAs, in the fasted state in the evening prior to, and in the morning after, each intervention. Results In response to sleep loss (+17.2%), compared with normal sleep (+1.8%), the evening to morning ratio was increased for t-tau ( p = 0.035). No changes between the sleep conditions were seen for levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, NfL, or GFAP (all p > 0.10). The AD risk genotype rs4420638 did not significantly interact with sleep loss–related diurnal changes in plasma levels of Aβ40 or Aβ42 ( p > 0.10). Plasma levels of Aβ42 (−17.1%) and GFAP (−12.1%) exhibited an evening to morning decrease across conditions ( p < 0.05). Conclusions Our exploratory study suggests that acute sleep loss results in increased blood levels of t-tau. These changes provide further evidence that sleep loss may have detrimental effects on brain health even in younger individuals. Larger cohorts are warranted to delineate sleep vs circadian mechanisms, implications for long-term recurrent conditions (e.g., in shift workers), as well as interactions with other lifestyle and genetic factors.
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Impaired amyloidβ clearance usually occurs during deep sleep at the beginning of the night, which lasts one to two hours, so is unlikely to be affected in those reporting sleep disturbances.
“However, this usually occurs during deep sleep at the beginning of the night, which lasts one to two hours so is unlikely to be affected in those reporting sleep disturbances. (316-318)”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [317]
The Discussion (page unavailable) says Aβ clearance is faster during sleep than wakefulness in mice and that slow-wave sleep is largely conserved during partial sleep restriction. It does not say clearance occurs specifically in the first one to two hours of the night or establish that it is unlikely to be affected in people reporting sleep disturbances. The Discussion also reports increased CSF Aβ40 after specific disruption of slow-wave sleep. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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References 32 · Cited by 100
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Metadata
- Authors
- Benedict, C., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., & Cedernaes, J.
- Affiliations
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Cedernaes, Jonathan
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2020-03-17
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e1181-e1189
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- PMC
- PMC7220231
- OpenAlex
- W3000632113
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13
- FWCI
- 13.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Åke Wiberg Stiftelse
- Torsten Söderbergs Stiftelse
- Robert J. Kleberg, Jr. and Helen C. Kleberg Foundation
- Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser
- Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
- Novo Nordisk
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Science for Life Laboratory
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF19OC0056777)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, total tau, amyloid-beta, neurofilament light chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein, circadian rhythm, sleep disruption, young men, blood biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Male, Sleep Deprivation, Biomarkers, Amyloid beta-Peptides, tau Proteins, Neurofilament Proteins, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers
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