APOE -ε4 count predicts age when prevalence of AD increases, then declines: The Cache County Study
Abstract
Objective To examine the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias in relation to age, education, sex, and genotype at APOE. Recent studies suggest age heterogeneity in the risk of AD associated with the APOE genotype and a possible interaction between APOE-epsilon4 and female sex as risk factors. We studied these topics in the 5,677 elderly residents of Cache County, Utah, a population known for long life expectancy and high participation rates. Methods We screened for dementia with a brief cognitive test and structured telephone Dementia Questionnaire, then examined all individuals with apparent cognitive symptoms and a sample of others. We estimated age-specific prevalence of AD and other dementias and used multiple logistic regression models to describe relation of AD prevalence to age, sex, education, and APOE genotype. Results We found 335 demented individuals, 230 (69%) with definite, probable, or possible AD (positive predictive value versus autopsy confirmation 85%). The adjusted prevalence estimate for AD was 6.5% and for all dementias 9.6%. After age 90, the adjusted prevalence estimate for AD was 28% and for all dementias 38%. Regression models showed strong variation in AD prevalence with age, sex, education, and number of epsilon4 alleles (effect of epsilon2 not significant). Models were improved by a term for age-squared (negative coefficient) and by separate terms for interaction of age with presence of one or two epsilon4 alleles. An associat…
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The Cache County Study on Memory in Aging (CCSMA) is a longitudinal, population-based study.
“the longitudinal, population-based Cache County Study on Memory in Aging (CCSMA)”
In its first wave, the CCSMA enrolled 90% of the 5677 county residents aged 65 years or older.
“In its first wave, CCSMA enrolled 90% of the 5677 county residents who were aged 65 years or older.”
The CCSMA has examined the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for dementia.
“which has examined the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for dementia”
The CCSMA is located in a U.S. county recognized for its residents' longevity.
“in a U.S. county recognized for its residents’ longevity”
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References 44 · Cited by 397
- Authors
- Breitner, J. C. S., Wyse, B. W., Anthony, J. C., Welsh-Bohmer, K. A., Steffens, D. C., Norton, M. C., Tschanz, J. T., Plassman, B. L., Meyer, M. R., Skoog, I., & Khachaturian, A.
- Affiliations
- Utah State University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 1999-07
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 321-321
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2071384428
- Cited by
- 397
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 9.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG11-380, R01AG011380)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-14592, T32MH014592)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, APOE ε4, APOE genotype, dementia prevalence, age-specific prevalence, sex differences, female sex as risk factor, population attributable risk, Cache County, Utah, elderly residents
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Predictive Value of Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Apolipoprotein E4
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