Associations between circulating sex steroid hormones and cognition in normal elderly women
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To provide exploratory analyses of associations between levels of several sex hormones and cognitive performance in elderly women. BACKGROUND: Sex steroid hormones are implicated in the cognitive processes of the adult brain. Comparing cognitive performance across or between conditions associated with different hormone levels, such as phases of the menstrual cycle, surgical menopause, and estrogen replacement therapy suggests conditions with higher levels of estrogen are associated with better verbal memory and possibly worse visuospatial ability. METHOD: The authors measured circulating sex hormone levels in 39 highly educated, nondemented, predominantly white elderly women. Levels were correlated with neuropsychological performance, controlling for age, education, frequency of prior testing, use of estrogen replacement, and depression. RESULTS: High estradiol levels were associated with better delayed verbal memory and retrieval efficiency, whereas low levels were associated with better immediate and delayed visual memory. Levels of testosterone were related positively to verbal fluency. Levels of progesterone and androstenedione were unrelated to cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: Both estrogen and testosterone showed associations with cognitive performance. Estrogen may enhance, and depress, specific cognitive skills.
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In women, testosterone administration appears to improve verbal fluency, verbal learning and memory, while response inhibition performance decreases.
“Further, verbal fluency, verbal learning and memory appear to improve with administration of T in women (Davison et al., 2011; Drake et al., 2000), whereas response inhibition performance decreases (Bjork et al., 2001).”
From Reproductive steroids and ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle (2018) · cites this paper as Drake et al., 2000
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References 24 · Cited by 181
- Authors
- Drake, E. B., Henderson, V. W., Stanczyk, F. Z., McCleary, C. A., Brown, W. S., Smith, C. A., Rizzo, A. A., Murdock, G. A., & Buckwalter, J. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2000-02-08
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 599-599
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2078991266
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 10.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P50AG005142)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- sex hormones, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, androstenedione, cognitive performance, verbal memory, visual memory, verbal fluency, older women, estrogen replacement therapy, menopause
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Radioimmunoassay, Reference Values, Gonadal Steroid Hormones
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