Cited by 27Protist diversity and phylogenyMicrobial Metabolic Engineering and BioproductionAlgal biology and biofuel production

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Euglena International Network (EIN): Driving euglenoid biotechnology for the benefit of a challenged world

Open access

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

Euglenoids (Euglenida) are unicellular flagellates possessing exceptionally wide geographical and ecological distribution. Euglenoids combine a biotechnological potential with a unique position in the eukaryotic tree of life. In large part these microbes owe this success to diverse genetics including secondary endosymbiosis and likely additional sources of genes. Multiple euglenoid species have translational applications and show great promise in production of biofuels, nutraceuticals, bioremediation, cancer treatments and more exotically as robotics design simulators. An absence of reference genomes currently limits these applications, including development of efficient tools for identification of critical factors in regulation, growth or optimization of metabolic pathways. The Euglena International Network (EIN) seeks to provide a forum to overcome these challenges. EIN has agreed specific goals, mobilized scientists, established a clear roadmap (Grand Challenges), connected academic and industry stakeholders and is currently formulating policy and partnership principles to propel these efforts in a coordinated and efficient manner.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1242/bio.059561

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 62

  1. Aldholmi, 2022, Euglenatides, potent antiproliferative cyclic peptides isolated from the freshwater photosynthetic microalga Euglena gracilis, Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed., 61, e202203175, 10.1002/anie.202203175 · DOI
  2. Avramia, 2021, Spent Brewer's yeast as a source of insoluble β-glucans, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22, 1, 10.3390/ijms22020825 · DOI
  3. Burlacot, 2019, Subcellular energetics and carbon storage in Chlamydomonas, Cells, 8, 1154, 10.3390/cells8101154 · DOI
  4. Cabang, 2017, Therapeutic effects of the euglenoid ichthyotoxin, euglenophycin, in colon cancer, Oncotarget, 8, 104347, 10.18632/oncotarget.22238 · DOI
  5. Cahill, 2019, Rapid, untargeted chemical profiling of single cells in their native environment, Anal. Chem., 91, 6118, 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00680 · DOI
  6. Chae, 2006, Single cell protein production of Euglena gracilis and carbon dioxide fixation in an innovative photo-bioreactor, Bioresour. Technol., 97, 322, 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.02.037 · DOI
  7. Chen, 2021, Effect of whole cell algae fermentate on gut health and microbiome in healthy adults with mild gastrointestinal issues: a randomized, controlled, crossover study, FASEB J., 35, 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.S1.02401 · DOI
  8. Digumarti, 2017, Euglenoid-inspired giant shape change for highly deformable soft robots, IEEE Robotics Automation Lett., 2, 2302, 10.1109/LRA.2017.2726113 · DOI
  9. Dorrell, 2017, Chimeric origins of ochrophytes and haptophytes revealed through an ancient plastid proteome, eLife, 6, 1, 10.7554/eLife.23717 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Ebenezer, 2017, Euglena gracilis genome and transcriptome: organelles, nuclear genome assembly strategies and initial features, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 979, 125, 10.1007/978-3-319-54910-1_7 · DOI
  11. Ebenezer, 2019, Transcriptome, proteome and draft genome of Euglena gracilis, BMC Biol., 17, 1, 10.1186/s12915-019-0626-8 · DOI
  12. Evans, 2019, Effect of a Euglena gracilis fermentate on immune function in healthy, active adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Nutrients, 11, 2926, 10.3390/nu11122926 · DOI
  13. Gissibl, 2019, Bioproducts from Euglena gracilis: synthesis and applications, Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 7, 108, 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00108 · DOI
  14. Häder, 2020, On the Way to Mars—flagellated algae in bioregenerative life support systems under microgravity conditions, Front. Plant Sci., 10, 1621, 10.3389/fpls.2019.01621 · DOI
  15. Haslam, 2022, Structural Analysis of Glycans. In: Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, Stanley P, Hart GW, Aebi M, Mohnen D, Kinoshita T, Packer NH, Prestegard JH, Schnaar RL, Seeberger PH, editors. Essentials of Glycobiology [Internet]. 4th ed. Cold Spring Harbor (NY): Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2022. Chapter 50. PMID: 35536953. Available from:, 10.1101/glycobiology.4e.50 · DOI
  16. He, 2021, Metabolic responses of a model green microalga Euglena gracilis to different environmental stresses, Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 9, 575, 10.3389/fbioe.2021.662655 · DOI
  17. Kaszecki, 2022, Meeting report: euglenids in the age of symbiogenesis: origins, innovations, and prospects, November 8-11, 2021, Protist, 173, 125894, 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125894 · DOI
  18. Kaurov, 2018, The diverged trypanosome MICOS complex as a hub for mitochondrial cristae shaping and protein import, Curr. Biol., 28, 3393, 10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.008 · DOI
  19. Keeling, 2004, Diversity and evolutionary history of plastids and their hosts, Am. J. Bot., 91, 1481, 10.3732/ajb.91.10.1481 · DOI
  20. Khatiwada, 2020, Molecular tools and applications of Euglena gracilis : From biorefineries to bioremediation, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 117, 3952, 10.1002/bit.27516 · DOI
  21. Kim, 2016, LudusScope: accessible interactive smartphone microscopy for life-science education, PLoS ONE, 11, e0162602, 10.1371/journal.pone.0162602 · DOI
  22. Kings, 2017, Cultivation, extraction and optimization of biodiesel production from potential microalgae Euglena sanguinea using eco-friendly natural catalyst, Energy Convers. Manage., 141, 224, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.08.018 · DOI
  23. Kiss, 1988, The intramembranous particle profile of the paramylon membrane during paramylon synthesis in euglena (EUGLENOPHYCEAE)1, J. Phycol., 24, 152
  24. Kostygov, 2021, Euglenozoa: taxonomy, diversity and ecology, symbioses and viruses, Open Biol., 11, 1, 10.1098/rsob.200407 · DOI
  25. Kottuparambil, 2019, Euglena as a potential natural source of value-added metabolites. A review, Algal Res., 37, 154, 10.1016/j.algal.2018.11.024 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Lam, 2019, First-hand, immersive full-body experiences with living cells through interactive museum exhibits, Nat. Biotechnol., 37, 1238, 10.1038/s41587-019-0272-2 · DOI
  27. Lam, 2020, Pac-Euglena: A Living Cellular Pac-Man Meets Virtual Ghosts, 1, 10.1145/3313831.3376378 · DOI
  28. Lax, 2021, Multigene phylogenetics of euglenids based on single-cell transcriptomics of diverse phagotrophs, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 159, 107088, 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2021.107088 · DOI
  29. Leander, 2017, Euglenida, 1047, 10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_13-1 · DOI
  30. Levine, Algal Scientific Corp (2017) Multi-stage process for production of immune modulator
  31. Levine, 2018, Evaluation of the effects of feeding dried algae containing beta-1,3-glucan on broilers challenged with Eimeria, Poult. Sci., 97, 3494, 10.3382/ps/pey227 · DOI
  32. Li, 2021, Euglena gracilis and its aqueous extract constructed with chitosan-hyaluronic acid hydrogel facilitate cutaneous wound healing in mice without inducing excessive inflammatory response, Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 9, 1181, 10.3389/fbioe.2021.713840 · DOI
  33. Mikami, 2018, Ultrafast confocal fluorescence microscopy beyond the fluorescence lifetime limit, Undefined, 5, 117, 10.1364/OPTICA.5.000117 · DOI
  34. Mikami, 2020, Virtual-freezing fluorescence imaging flow cytometry, Nat. Commun., 11, 1, 10.1038/s41467-020-14929-2 · DOI
  35. Monfils, 2019, Characterization of paramylon morphological diversity in photosynthetic euglenoids (Euglenales, Euglenophyta), Phycologia, 50, 156, 10.2216/09-112.1 · DOI
  36. Moreno-Sánchez, 2017, Biochemistry and physiology of heavy metal resistance and accumulation in Euglena, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 979, 91, 10.1007/978-3-319-54910-1_6 · DOI
  37. Muchut, 2021, Elucidating carbohydrate metabolism in Euglena gracilis: Reverse genetics-based evaluation of genes coding for enzymes linked to paramylon accumulation, Biochimie, 184, 125, 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.02.016 · DOI
  38. Nakashima, 2018, β-Glucan in foods and its physiological functions, J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 64, 8, 10.3177/jnsv.64.8 · DOI
  39. Nakashima, 2020, Effects of Euglena gracilis intake on mood and autonomic activity under mental workload, and subjective sleep quality: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Nutrients, 12, 3243, 10.3390/nu12113243 · DOI
  40. Nakazawa, 2015, Alteration of wax ester content and composition in Euglena gracilis with gene silencing of 3-ketoacyl-CoA Thiolase Isozymes, Lipids, 50, 483, 10.1007/s11745-015-4010-3 · DOI
  41. Nomura, 2020, Highly efficient CRISPR-associated protein 9 ribonucleoprotein-based genome editing in Euglena gracilis, STAR Protocols, 1, 100023, 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100023 · DOI
  42. O'Neill, 2015, Euglena in time: Evolution, control of central metabolic processes and multi-domain proteins in carbohydrate and natural product biochemistry, Perspect. Sci., 6, 84, 10.1016/j.pisc.2015.07.002 · DOI
  43. O'Neill, 2015, The transcriptome of Euglena gracilis reveals unexpected metabolic capabilities for carbohydrate and natural product biochemistry, Mol. Biosyst., 11, 2808, 10.1039/C5MB00319A · DOI
  44. Padermshoke, 2016, Critical involvement of environmental carbon dioxide fixation to drive wax ester fermentation in Euglena, PLoS ONE, 11, e0162827, 10.1371/journal.pone.0162827 · DOI
  45. Pagliarini, 2008, A mitochondrial protein compendium elucidates complex I disease biology, Cell, 134, 112, 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.016 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Rhie, 2021, Towards complete and error-free genome assemblies of all vertebrate species, Nature, 592, 737, 10.1038/s41586-021-03451-0 · DOI · Paper page
  47. Ruiz-Herrera, 2019, Cell wall glucans of fungi. A review, Cell Surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 5, 100022, 10.1016/J.TCSW.2019.100022 · DOI
  48. Sakanoi, 2018, Simultaneous intake of Euglena Gracilis and vegetables synergistically exerts an anti-inflammatory effect and attenuates visceral fat accumulation by affecting gut microbiota in mice, Nutrients, 10, 1417, 10.3390/NU10101417 · DOI
  49. Schneider, 2018, Mitochondrial protein import in trypanosomatids: variations on a theme or fundamentally different?, PLoS Pathog., 14, e1007351, 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007351 · DOI
  50. Singdevsachan, 2016, Mushroom polysaccharides as potential prebiotics with their antitumor and immunomodulating properties: a review, Bioactive Carbohydrates Dietary Fibre, 7, 1, 10.1016/j.bcdf.2015.11.001 · DOI
  51. Sugiyama, 2010, Oral administration of paramylon, a β-1,3-D-glucan isolated from Euglena gracilis Z inhibits development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice, J. Vet. Med. Sci., 72, 755, 10.1292/jvms.09-0526 · DOI
  52. Toyama, 2019, Enhanced production of biomass and lipids by Euglena gracilis via co-culturing with a microalga growth-promoting bacterium, Emticicia sp. EG3, Biotechnol. Biofuels, 12, 205, 10.1186/s13068-019-1544-2 · DOI
  53. Triemer, 2015, Photosynthetic Euglenoids, 459, 10.1016/B978-0-12-385876-4.00010-4 · DOI
  54. Tsang, 2018, Polygonal motion and adaptable phototaxis via flagellar beat switching in the microswimmer Euglena gracilis, Nat. Phys., 14, 1216, 10.1038/s41567-018-0277-7 · DOI
  55. Turck, 2020, Safety of dried whole cell Euglena gracilis as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283, EFSA J., 18, e06100
  56. Wakisaka, 2016, Probing the metabolic heterogeneity of live Euglena gracilis with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, Nat. Microbiol., 1, 1, 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.124 · DOI
  57. Wang, 2018, Euglena gracilis growth and cell composition under different temperature, light and trophic conditions, PLoS ONE, 13, e0195329, 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0195329 · DOI
  58. Washington, 2019, Interactive programming paradigm for real-time experimentation with remote living matter, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 116, 5411, 10.1073/pnas.1815367116 · DOI
  59. Watanabe, 2013, Antitumor activity of the β-glucan paramylon from Euglena against preneoplastic colonic aberrant crypt foci in mice, Food Function, 4, 1685, 10.1039/c3fo60256g · DOI
  60. Yamamoto, 2018, The effect of β-1,3-glucan derived from Euglena gracilis (AlgamuneTM) on the innate immunological responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.), J. Fish Dis., 41, 1579, 10.1111/jfd.12871 · DOI
  61. Zimba, 2017, Euglenophycin is produced in at least six species of euglenoid algae and six of seven strains of Euglena sanguinea, Harmful Algae, 63, 79, 10.1016/j.hal.2017.01.010 · DOI
  62. Zoltner, 2022, Microbe Profile: Euglena gracilis: Tough, flagellated and enigmatic, Microbiology, 168, 10.1099/mic.0.001241 · DOI

Metadata

Authors
Ebenezer, T. E., Low, R. S., O'Neill, E. C., Huang, I., DeSimone, A., Farrow, S. C., Field, R. A., Ginger, M. L., Guerrero, S. A., Hammond, M., Hampl, V., Horst, G., Ishikawa, T., Karnkowska, A., Linton, E. W., Myler, P., Nakazawa, M., Cardol, P., Sánchez-Thomas, R., Saville, B. J., Shah, M. R., Simpson, A. G. B., Sur, A., Suzuki, K., Tyler, K. M., Zimba, P. V., Hall, N., & Field, M. C.
Affiliations
  • European Bioinformatics Institute (GB)
  • Norwich Research Park (GB)
  • School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham 3 , Nottingham NG7 2RD , UK
  • Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (US)
  • Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (IT)
  • Trent University (CA)
  • University of Manchester (GB)
  • University of Huddersfield (GB)
  • Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (AR)
  • Czech Academy of Sciences (CZ)
  • Charles University 12 , Faculty of Science, Department of Parasitology , , Vestec 25250 , Czech Republic
  • Kemin (Belgium) (BE)
  • Shimane University (JP)
  • University of Warsaw (PL)
  • Central Michigan University (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Osaka Metropolitan University (JP)
  • University of Liège (BE)
  • Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez 20 , Mexico 14080 , Mexico
  • Noblegen Inc. 6 Discovery Biology , , Peterborough, Ontario K9L 1Z8 , Canada
  • Dalhousie University (CA)
  • Euglena Co., Ltd. (Japan) (JP)
  • University of East Anglia (GB)
  • Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
  • University of Dundee (GB)
Corresponding author
  • Ebenezer, ThankGod Echezona
  • Ginger, Michael L.
  • Hall, Neil
  • Field, Mark C.
Venue
Biology Open
Published
2022-11-01
Volume
11
Issue
11
ISSN
2046-6390 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4309664802
Cited by
27
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3
FWCI
1.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biology Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Huddersfield Research Portal (University of Huddersfield) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • ReIn UW (University of Warsaw) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
  • OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/J/000C0618, BBS/E/J/000PR9790, BBS/E/T/000PR9818)
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20H03119)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Protist diversity and phylogeny
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
Keywords
Euglena, Euglenophyta, secondary endosymbiosis, biofuels, nutraceuticals, bioremediation, cancer therapy, reference genome, metabolic pathway regulation, research collaboration networks, societal challenges
MeSH terms
Biotechnology, Euglena, Symbiosis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review