The benefits of body mass index and waist circumference in the assessment of health risk
Open accessAbstract
Learning Objectives: The reader will gain greater understanding of the effectiveness of emphasizing the use of body mass index and waist circumference within health and fitness settings to assess weight-related health risk. In addition, insight will be gained into how these assessments can be used to track change effectively in weight and fat distribution through time. Alternative methods for assessing weight-related health risk populations with high amounts of fat-free mass will be discussed.
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The primary limitation of BMI is that it does not distinguish between FM and FFM.
“The primary limitation of BMI is that it does not distinguish between FM and FFM [42] and therefore may misclassify some older adults as being a healthy weight (i.e., those with increased FM and decreased FFM) and some athletes as being overweight (i.e., those with increased muscle mass and relatively low FM).”
From The Utility of Body Composition Assessment in Nutrition and Clinical Practice: An Overview of Current Methodology (2021) · cites this paper as [42]
BMI may misclassify some older adults as being a healthy weight (those with increased FM and decreased FFM) and some athletes as being overweight (those with increased muscle mass and relatively low FM).
“The primary limitation of BMI is that it does not distinguish between FM and FFM [42] and therefore may misclassify some older adults as being a healthy weight (i.e., those with increased FM and decreased FFM) and some athletes as being overweight (i.e., those with increased muscle mass and relatively low FM).”
From The Utility of Body Composition Assessment in Nutrition and Clinical Practice: An Overview of Current Methodology (2021) · cites this paper as [42]
High values for waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio are associated with various chronic cardiovascular and metabolic diseases as well as early mortality.
“High values for these measures are associated with various chronic cardiovascular and metabolic diseases as well as early mortality [42].”
From The Utility of Body Composition Assessment in Nutrition and Clinical Practice: An Overview of Current Methodology (2021) · cites this paper as [42]
Cites
How Useful Is Body Mass Index for Comparison of Body Fatness across Age, Sex, and Ethnic Groups?
Gallagher, D., Visser, M., Sepulveda, D., Pierson, R. N., Harris, T., & Heymsfield, S. B. (1996) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008733 · Cited by 1,513 · see citing works
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Holmes, C. J., & Racette, S. B. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13082493 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tuttle, M. S., Montoye, A. H. K., & Kaminsky, L. A.
- Affiliations
- Ball State University (US)
- Venue
- ACSM'S Health & Fitness Journal
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 15-20
- ISSN
- 1091-5397 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2902490378
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 0.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- ACSMʼs Health & Fitness Journal (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - George Fox University (George Fox University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- body mass index, waist circumference, body fat distribution, fat-free mass, obesity assessment, health risk assessment
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