Effect of Explosive versus Slow Contractions and Exercise Intensity on Energy Expenditure
Abstract
Objective The primary purpose of this study was to compare the effects of explosive versus slow contractions on the rate of energy expenditure during and after resistance exercise. Methods Nine men (20 +/- 2.5 yr) performed three exercise protocols using a plate-loaded squat machine, and a no-exercise (CONTROL) session in a randomly assigned, counterbalanced order. Subjects performed squats using either two second (SLOW) or explosive concentric contractions (EXPL), but identical repetitions (8), sets (4), and loads (60% 1RM). A secondary objective was to compare high- versus moderate-intensity exercise. Thus, a third protocol was performed that also used explosive contractions, with heavier loads (80% 1RM) and six sets of four reps (HEAVYEXPL). Eccentric reps (2 s), work (reps x sets x load), range of motion, and rest intervals between sets (90 s) were identical among all three protocols. Expired air was collected continuously for 20 min before, during, and 1 h after exercise and for about 1.5 h during CONTROL. Blood samples (25 microL) were collected before, immediately after, and 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after each protocol, and these samples were analyzed for blood lactate (mM). Results Average rates of energy expenditure (kcal.min) were significantly greater (P 6.43 +/- 1.64 and 6.25 +/- 1.55, respectively) and after (2.54 +/- 1.44 > 2.38 +/- 1.31 and 2.21 +/- 1.08, respectively) EXPL compared with SLOW and HEAVYEXPL, despite significantly (P Conclusion Squat exercise using…
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Mazzetti et al. reported higher blood lactate levels when loads were lifted slowly (~2 s concentric duration) compared to explosively.
“Mazzetti et al. [ 23 ] reported higher blood lactate levels when loads were lifted slowly (~2 s concentric duration) as is traditional compared to explosively”
From Effect of Movement Velocity during Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Performance (2014) · cites this paper as [23]
Identifying movement velocity with lifting cadence is incorrect and insufficient because when load is high (≥ ~80% 1RM) or repetitions approach muscle failure, a subject cannot follow the imposed lifting cadence due to fatigue.
“ii) when either the magnitude of the load is high ( ≥ ~80 % 1RM) or the number of repetitions approaches muscle failure, a subject becomes unable to follow the imposed lifting cadence due to fatigue [ 23 , 36 ] .”
From Effect of Movement Velocity during Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Performance (2014) · cites this paper as [23]
Only one previous study equated exercise volume and loading magnitude between at least two of three protocols examined, so differences could be mainly attributed to movement velocity.
“However, only one of these studies [ 23 ] equated exercise volume and loading magnitude between at least 2 of the 3 protocols examined, so that the diff erences could be mainly attributed to movement velocity.”
From Effect of Movement Velocity during Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Performance (2014) · cites this paper as [23]
Mazzetti et al. also found higher energy expenditure with fast explosive compared to slow muscle contractions.
“However, Mazzetti et al. [ 23 ] also found a higher energy expenditure with fast explosive compared to slow muscle contractions, which seems to be a contradictory result.”
From Effect of Movement Velocity during Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Performance (2014) · cites this paper as [23]
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References 30 · Cited by 87
- Authors
- MAZZETTI, S., DOUGLASS, M., YOCUM, A., & HARBER, M.
- Affiliations
- Anderson University - Indiana (US)
- Ball State University (US)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1291-1301
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2019803723
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 9.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- energy expenditure, resistance training, squatting, exercise intensity, blood lactate, eccentric contraction, weight loss
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Energy Metabolism, Physical Exertion, Humans, Isometric Contraction, Male, Physical Fitness, Weight Lifting, Weight Loss
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