Preventing Eating Disorders among Young Elite Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
Purpose To examine the effect of a 1-yr school-based intervention program to prevent the development of new cases of eating disorders (ED) and symptoms associated with ED among adolescent female and male elite athletes. Methods All 16 Norwegian Elite Sport High Schools were included (intervention group [n = 9] and control group [n = 7]). In total, 465 (93.8%) first-year student athletes were followed during high school (2008-2011, three school years). The athletes completed the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 and questions related to ED before (pretest), immediately after (posttest 1), and 9 months after the intervention (posttest 2). Clinical interviews (Eating Disorder Examination) were conducted after the pretest (all with symptoms [n = 115, 97%] and a random sample without symptoms [n = 116, 97%]), and at posttest 2, all athletes were interviewed (n = 463, 99.6%). Results Among females, there were no new cases of ED in the intervention schools, while 13% at the control schools had developed and fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for ED not otherwise specified (n = 7) or bulimia nervosa (n = 1), P = 0.001. The risk of reporting symptoms was lower in the intervention than in the control schools at posttest 1 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.23-0.89). This effect was attenuated by posttest 2 (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.29-1.09). The intervention showed a relative risk reduction for current dieting (OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02-0.54) and three or more weight loss attem…
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Short-term education programmes have been shown to improve nutritional knowledge and reduce signs of dieting and body image concerns in female and male athletes.
“Short-term education programmes, using various delivery methods and focusing on factors associated with EDs, DE behaviours, and REDs have been shown to improve nutritional knowledge and reduce signs of dieting and body image concerns in female and male athletes.70 152-158”
From 2023 international olympic committee's (IOC) consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) (2023) · cites this paper as [70]
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- Authors
- MARTINSEN, M., BAHR, R., BØRRESEN, R., HOLME, I., PENSGAARD, A. M., & SUNDGOT-BORGEN, J.
- Affiliations
- Buskerud University College (NO)
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center (NO)
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NO)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 435-447
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1966325642
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 8.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- eating disorders, prevention, elite athletes, youth athletes, school-based intervention, bulimia nervosa, dieting, weight loss attempts, sex differences, Eating Disorder Inventory
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Norway, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Concept, Confidence Intervals, Odds Ratio, Risk Reduction Behavior, Athletes
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