The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nonmarket Institutions for Credit and Risk Sharing in Low-Income Countries
Abstract
The design credit and risk institutions in low-income countries provides one of the most exciting testing grounds for theories of contracting with imperfect information and limited enforcement. This paper reviews some of the recent literature, with a special focus on nonmarket institutions that cope with risk and provide credit. This literature attempts to bring together insights from economic theory, especially information economics, contract theory, and mechanism design theory. However, it is also applied, being motivated by the circumstance of the poor countries that their authors have visited and studied.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Rosenzweig, M. R., & Wolpin, K. I. (1993) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/261874 · Cited by 1,179
Akerlof, G., & Akerlof, G. (1991) · Unknown · doi:10.22004/ag.econ.294661 · Cited by 849
Cited by
Does Social Capital Have an Economic Payoff? A Cross-Country Investigation
Knack, S., & Keefer, P. (1997) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/003355300555475 · Cited by 7,484
Trade Liberalization and Poverty: The Evidence So Far
Winters, L. A., McCulloch, N., & McKay, A. (2004) · Journal of Economic Literature · doi:10.1257/002205104773558056 · Cited by 1,085
Group lending, local information and peer selection
Ghatak, M. (1999) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/s0304-3878(99)00035-8 · Cited by 720
Microfinance Repayment Performance in Bangladesh: How to Improve the Allocation of Loans by MFIs
Godquin, M. (2004) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.05.011 · Cited by 332
Determinants of Repayment in Microcredit: Evidence from Programs in the United States
Bhatt, N., & Tang, S. (2002) · International Journal of Urban and Regional Research · doi:10.1111/1468-2427.00384 · Cited by 160
Metadata
- Authors
- Besley, T.
- Venue
- Journal of Economic Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 1995-08-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 115-127
- ISSN
- 0895-3309 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2022923850
- Cited by
- 404
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 19.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Nonmarket Institutions for Credit and Risk Sharing in Low-Income Countries. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1257/jep.9.3.115
- The paper
- Besley, T. (1995). Nonmarket Institutions for Credit and Risk Sharing in Low-Income Countries. Journal of Economic Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.9.3.115
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.