Cited by 165Healthcare Policy and ManagementGlobal Health Workforce IssuesPrimary Care and Health Outcomes
The Evolution of Physician Practice Styles: Evidence from Cardiologist Migration
Open accessMolitor, David·2018·American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
DOI 10.1257/pol.20160319PMC PMC5876705
Abstract
Physician treatment choices for observably similar patients vary dramatically across regions. This paper exploits cardiologist migration to disentangle the role of physician-specific factors such as preferences and learned behavior versus environment-level factors such as hospital capacity and productivity spillovers on physician behavior. Physicians starting in the same region and subsequently moving to dissimilar regions practice similarly before the move. After the move, physician behavior in the first year changes by 0.6–0.8 percentage points for each percentage point change in practice environment, with no further changes over time. This suggests environment factors explain between 60–80 percent of regional disparities in physician behavior. (JEL H75, I11, I12, I18)
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Crossref · 10.1257/pol.20160319
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Molitor (2018) examines cardiologists' patterns of practice as they move across regions.
“Molitor (2018) examines cardiologists' patterns of practice as they move across regions.”
From An Introductory Guide to Event Study Models (2023) · cites this paper as Molitor (2018)
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 43 · Cited by 165
Research works printed but not linked: 37
- Amsterdam Ezra A Wenger Nanette K Brindis Ralph G Casey Donald E Ganiats Theodore G Holmes David R Jaffe Allan S 2014 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: Executive Summary Journal of the American college of cardiology 64 24 2645 87 25260718
- Baicker Katherine Chandra Amitabh 2004 Medicare Spending, the Physician Workforce, and Benefciaries' Quality of Care Health Affairs W4 W184 97 15451981
- Barnato Amber E Herndon M Brooke Anthony Denise L Gallagher Patricia M Skinner Jonathan S Bynum Julie PW Fisher Elliott S 2007 Are Regional Variations in End-of-Life Care Intensity Explained by Patient Preferences? A Study of the US Medicare Population medical care 45 5 386 93 17446824 PMC2147061
- Bronnenberg Bart J Dubé Jean-Pierre H Gentzkow Matthew 2012 The Evolution of Brand Preferences: Evidence from Consumer Migration American Economic review 102 6 2472 2508
- Brophy James M Bogaty Peter 2004 Primary Angioplasty and Thrombolysis Are Both Reasonable Options in Acute Myocardial Infarction Annals of internal medicine 141 4 292 97 15313745
- Chandra Amitabh Staiger Douglas O 2007 Productivity Spillovers in Health Care: Evidence from the Treatment of Heart Attacks Journal of Political Economy 115 1 103 40 18418468 PMC2311510
- Chetty Raj Friedman John N Saez Emmanuel 2013 Using Differences in Knowledge Across Neighborhoods to Uncover the Impacts of the EITC on Earnings American Economic review 103 7 2683 2721
- Doyle Joseph J Ewer Steven M Wagner Todd H 2010 Returns to physician human capital: Evidence from patients randomized to physician teams Journal of Health Economics 29 6 866 82 20869783
- Dranove David Ramanarayanan Subramaniam Sfekas Andrew 2011 Does the Market Punish Aggressive Experts? Evidence from Cesarean Sections BE Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy 11 2 Article 5
- Epstein Andrew J Nicholson Sean 2009 The formation and evolution of physician treatment styles: An application to cesarean sections Journal of Health Economics 28 6 1126 40 19800141
- Finkelstein Amy Gentzkow Matthew Williams Heidi 2016 Sources of Geographic Variation in Health Care: Evidence from Patient Migration Quarterly Journal of Economics 131 4 1681 1726 28111482 PMC5243120
- Fisher Elliott S Wennberg David E Stukel Thérèse A Gottlieb Daniel J Lucas FL Pinder Étoile L 2003a The implications of regional variations in Medicare spending. Part 1: The content, quality, and accessibility of care Annals of internal medicine 138 4 273 87 12585825
- Fisher Elliott S Wennberg David E Stukel Thérèse A Gottlieb Daniel J Lucas FL Pinder Étoile L 2003b The implications of regional variations in Medicare spending. Part 2: Health outcomes and satisfaction with care Annals of internal medicine 138 4 288 98 12585826
- Gatsonis Constantine A Epstein Arnold M Newhouse Joseph P Normand Sharon-Lise McNeil Barbara J 1995 Variations in the Utilization of Coronary Angiography for Elderly Patients with an Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Analysis Using Hierarchical Logistic Regression medical care 33 6 625 42 7760578
- Glover J Alison 1938 The Incidence of Tonsillectomy in School Children indian Journal of Pediatrics 5 4 252 58
- Gottlieb Daniel J Zhou Weiping Song Yunjie Andrews Kathryn Gilman Skinner Jonathan S Sutherland Jason M 2010 Prices Don't Drive Regional Medicare Spending Variations Health Affairs 29 3 537 43 20110290 PMC2919810
- Grytten Jostein Sørensen Rune 2003 Practice variation and physician-specific effects Journal of Health Economics 22 3 403 18 12683959
- Ichino Andrea Maggi Giovanni 2000 Work Environment and Individual Background: Explaining Regional Shirking Differentials in a Large Italian Firm Quarterly Journal of Economics 115 3 1057 90
- Jollis James G DeLong Elizabeth R Peterson Eric D Muhlbaier Lawrence H Fortin Donald F Califf Robert M Mark Daniel B 1996 Outcome of Acute Myocardial Infarction According to the Specialty of the Admitting Physician New England Journal of medicine 335 25 1880 87 8948564
- Keeley Ellen C Grines Cindy L 2004 Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Every Patient with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: What Stands in the Way? Annals of internal medicine 141 4 298 304 15313746
- Kushner Frederick G Hand Mary Smith Sidney C King Spencer B Anderson Jeffrey L Antman Elliott M Bailey Steven R 2009 2009 Focused Updates: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Updating the 2004 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI Guidelines on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Updating the 2005 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update) circulation 120 22 2271 2306 19923169
- Manski Charles F 1993 Identification of Endogenous Social Effects: The Refection Problem review of Economic Studies 60 3 531 42
- Martin Anne B Whittle Lekha Heffler Stephen Barron Mary Carol Sisko Andrea Washington Benjamin 2007 Health spending by state of residence, 1991-2004 Health Affairs 26 6 w651 63 17878181
- McClellan Mark Newhouse Joseph P 1997 The marginal cost-effectiveness of medical technology: A panel instrumental-variables approach Journal of Econometrics 77 1 39 64
- Molitor David 2018 The Evolution of Physician Practice Styles: Evidence from Cardiologist Migration: Dataset American Economic Journal: Economic Policy https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20160319 PMC5876705 29607002
- O'Gara Patrick T Kushner Frederick G Ascheim Deborah D Casey Donald E Chung Mina K de Lemos James A Ettinger Steven M 2013 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction circulation 127 4 362 425 23247303
- Phelps Charles E 1992 Diffusion of Information in Medical Care Journal of Economic Perspectives 6 3 23 42 10128077
- Phelps Charles E Mooney Cathleen 1993 Variations in Medical Practice Use: Causes and Consequences competitive Approaches to Health care reform Arnould Richard J Rich Robert F White William D 139 75 Washington, DC Urban Institute Press
- Scanlon Patrick J Faxon David P Audet Anne-Marie Carabello Blase Dehmer Gregory J Eagle Kim A Legako Ronald D 1999 ACC/AHA Guidelines for Coronary Angiography: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Coronary Angiography) Developed in Collaboration with the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions Journal of the American college of cardiology 33 6 1756 1824 10334456
- Sirovich Brenda E Gottlieb Daniel J Welch H Gilbert Fisher Elliott S 2006 Regional Variations in Health Care Intensity and Physician Perceptions of Quality of Care Annals of internal medicine 144 9 641 49 16670133
- Skinner Jonathan Fisher Elliot 1997 Regional Disparities in Medicare Expenditures: An Opportunity for Reform National Tax Journal 50 3 413 25
- Skinner Jonathan S Gottlieb Daniel J Donald Carmichael 2011 A New Series of medicare Expenditure measures by Hospital referral region: 2003-2008 Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice Hanover, NH 6 36441859
- Skinner Jonathan S Staiger Douglas O Fisher Elliott S 2006 Is Technological Change in Medicine Always Worth It? The Case of Acute Myocardial Infarction Health Affairs 25 2 W34 47 16464904 PMC2117353
- Song Yunjie Jonathan Skinner Julie Bynum Jason Sutherland Wennberg John E Fisher Elliott S 2010 Regional Variations in Diagnostic Practices New England Journal of medicine 363 1 45 53 20463332 PMC2924574
- Wennberg John E Fisher Elliott S Skinner Jonathan S 2002 Geography and the debate over Medicare reform Health Affairs W2 W96 114 12703563
- Wennberg John Gittelsohn Alan 1973 Small Area Variations in Health Care Delivery Science 182 4117 1102 08 4750608
- Zuckerman Stephen Timothy Waidmann Robert Berenson Hadley Jack 2010 Clarifying Sources of Geographic Differences in Medicare Spending New England Journal of medicine 363 1 54 62 20463333
- Authors
- Molitor, D.
- Affiliations
- National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Molitor, David
- ORCID
- Molitor, David
- Venue
- American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2018-02-01
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 326-356
- ISSN
- 1945-7731 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-774X
- PMC
- PMC5876705
- OpenAlex
- W2511402464
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 28.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Economic Journal Economic Policy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (T32AG000186)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Healthcare Policy and Management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Global Health Workforce Issues
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Keywords
- physician practice style, regional variation in treatment, physician preferences, learned behavior, hospital capacity, productivity spillovers, practice environment, physician behavior, regional disparities
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
