Cited by 404Statistical Methods and Bayesian InferenceHealth Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of LifeStatistical Methods in Clinical Trials

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Multiple regression of cost data: use of generalised linear models

Barber, Julie, Thompson, Simon·2004·Journal of Health Services Research & Policy

DOI 10.1258/1355819042250249

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Abstract

Objective: Choosing an appropriate method for regression analyses of cost data is problematic because it must focus on population means while taking into account the typically skewed distribution of the data. In this paper we illustrate the use of generalised linear models for regression analysis of cost data. Methods: We consider generalised linear models with either an identity link function (providing additive covariate effects) or log link function (providing multiplicative effects), and with gaussian (normal), overdispersed poisson, gamma, or inverse gaussian distributions. These are applied to estimate the treatment effects in two randomised trials adjusted for baseline covariates. Criteria for choosing an appropriate model are presented. Results: In both examples considered, the gaussian model fits poorly and other distributions are to be preferred. When there are variables of prognostic importance in the model, using different distributions can materially affect the estimates obtained; it may also be possible to discriminate between additive and multiplicative covariate effects. Conclusions: Generalised linear models are attractive for the regression of cost data because they provide parametric methods of analysis where a variety of non-normal distributions can be specified and the way covariates act can be altered. Unlike the use of data transformation in ordinary least-squares regression, generalised linear models make inferences about the mean cost directly.

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Additional file 2 of Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: study protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial
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Additional file 5 of Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: study protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial
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Additional file 4 of Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: study protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial
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Additional file 1 of Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: study protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial
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Authors: Barber, J., & Thompson, S.
Affiliations: University College London (GB)
MRC Biostatistics Unit (GB)
ORCID: Barber, Julie
Thompson, Simon
Venue: Journal of Health Services Research & Policy
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2004-10-02
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Pages: 197-204
ISSN: 1355-8196 (ISSN-L)
1758-1060
DOI: 10.1258/1355819042250249
OpenAlex: W1996146145
Cited by: 404
References: 20
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 7.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Health Services Research & Policy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Keywords: cost data, generalized linear models, skewed distributions, gamma distribution, inverse Gaussian distribution, log link function, treatment effects, baseline covariate adjustment, model selection criteria
MeSH terms: Costs and Cost Analysis, United Kingdom, Health Services Research, Normal Distribution, Linear Models

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Multiple regression of cost data: use of generalised linear models

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