The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Jewish community and the Hellenistic culture in the light of the Books of the Maccabees
Open accessAbstract
Summarising the proposed analyses of the contents of the Books of the Maccabees, it can be noted that the Biblical authors described three main attitudes of the Jews to the Hellenistic culture and the pagan religion that was part of that culture: the attitude of openness and ready adoption of the “Greek customs,” military resistance, as well as the heroic attitudes of giving one’s life for the sake of fidelity to the prescripts of the Law. As the Books of the Maccabees show, the high priests of Jerusalem played a non-unimportant role in the process of the city Hellenization. It also should be observed that the authors, describing historical facts, sometimes put their own interpretation on them to express a definite theological message.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The Maccabean literature paints a picture of the minority adopting Hellenism (1 Macc 1:62-63) (Baran 2014, pp. 72-74).”
From Paul Within Ioudaismos: The Shifting Focus of Paul’s Zeal in Galatians (2025) · cites this paper as Baran 2014
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Baran rightly emphasizes the importance of martyrdom in 2 Macc and the connection between Eleazar's martyrdom and his refusal to eat pork (2 Macc 6:18-31; Baran 2014, p. 75).”
From Paul Within Ioudaismos: The Shifting Focus of Paul’s Zeal in Galatians (2025) · cites this paper as Baran 2014
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2002) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470753521 · Cited by 205
Jewish Cult and Hellenistic Culture
Collins, J. J. (2005) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789047407720 · Cited by 35
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- E.S. Gruen (Heritage and Hellenism. The Reinvention of Jewish Tradition (Hel- lenistic culture and society 30), Berkeley-London: University of California Press, 1998, p. , explicitly states that the "text makes clear, Jason, High Priest of the Jews, initiated the gymnasium and the ephebate, not the Greek king. The significance of that ought not to be missed. By creating the institutions as official acts of the High Priest, Jason introduced the Hellenic features with the embrace of Jewish authority". 48 Cf. The Oxford Dictionary of Classical Myth and Religion, S. Price, E. Kearns (ed.), Oxford 2003, p. 256; see also: R. Hurschmann, Petasos, in: Brill's Encyclopedia, vol. 10, col. 864.
- J.R. Bartlett, The First and Second Books of the Maccabees, p. 245. On poleis created in the Seleucid Empire, see: F.W. Walbank, Świat hellenistyczny, Warszawa 2003, pp. 132-139.
- Cf. J. Ciecieląg, Żydzi w okresie drugiej świątyni, pp. 196.201.
- The term yuch, used in this context undoubtedly means "life." Cf. G.M. Baran, Yuch, i pneu/ ma w antropologii św. Pawła, Tarnów 1997, pp. 24.29-31.41-42.45-49 (typescript).
Cited by
Chrostowski, M. (2021) · Verbum Vitae · doi:10.31743/vv.11817 · Cited by 2
Paul Within Ioudaismos: The Shifting Focus of Paul’s Zeal in Galatians
Lavender, J. (2025) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel16091161 · Cited by 1
Czwarta Księga Machabejska tłem Mowy XV św. Grzegorza z Nazjanzu
Baran, G. M. (2018) · Vox Patrum · doi:10.31743/vp.3390 · Cited by 1
Biblical Studies in Poland in the Context of Current Tendencies
Wróbel, M. S. (2019) · The Biblical Annals · doi:10.31743/biban.3435 · Cited by 1
Obraz Boga w przekazie Czwartej Księgi Machabejskiej
Baran, G. M. (2016) · The Biblical Annals · doi:10.31743/ba.2204 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Baran, G. M.
- Affiliations
- John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Baran, Grzegorz M.
- ORCID
- Baran, Grzegorz M.
- Venue
- Teologia i Człowiek
- Published
- 2014-09-24
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 55
- ISSN
- 1731-5638 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1971060211
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 13.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nd
- Locations
- Teologia i Człowiek (publishedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Biblical Studies and Interpretation
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Religion, Theology, History, Judaism, Christianity
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Classics › Classical Antiquity Studies
- Keywords
- Hellenistic culture, paganism, high priest, military resistance, theological interpretation, Second Temple Judaism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.