The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Strategic Group Formation and Performance: The Case of the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry, 1963–1982
Abstract
The focus of this paper is on three major questions: (1) what is the theoretical rationale for the strategic group concept?; (2) does strategic group membership have performance implications?; and (3) are strategic groups and membership in strategic groups stable characteristics of industries? A statistical procedure is proposed to longitudinally identify strategic groups. The empirical setting is the U.S. pharmaceutical industry over the period 1963–82. While performance differences are found in terms of market share, profitability differences between groups are not observed. Neither are differences found in terms of risk and risk-adjusted performance. These results are attributed to the existence of performance variation within each strategic group. A dynamic model of competitive repositioning is proposed which helps integrate the findings from the study.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Asset Stock Accumulation and Sustainability of Competitive Advantage
Dierickx, I., & Cool, K. (1989) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.35.12.1504 · Cited by 8,353
Self-citationTHE APPLICATION OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT RESEARCH: AN ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUE
KETCHEN Jr., D. J., & SHOOK, C. L. (1996) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199606)17:6<441::aid-smj819>3.0.co;2-g · Cited by 2,375
A set-theoretic approach to organizational configurations
Fiss, P. C. (2007) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2007.26586092 · Cited by 2,225
Theory and research in strategic management: Swings of a pendulum
Hoskisson, R. E., Hitt, M. A., Wan, W. P., & Yiu, D. (1999) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920639902500307 · Cited by 1,364
Competitive Tension: The Awareness-Motivation-Capability Perspective
Chen, M.-J., SU, K.-H., & Tsai, W. (2007) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2007.24162081 · Cited by 580
Metadata
- Authors
- Cool, K. O., & Schendel, D.
- Venue
- Management Science
- Published
- 1987-09
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1102-1124
- ISSN
- 0025-1909 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-5501
- OpenAlex
- W1971700083
- Cited by
- 526
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 27.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Strategic Group Formation and Performance: The Case of the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry, 1963–1982. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1287/mnsc.33.9.1102
- The paper
- Cool, K. O., & Schendel, D. (1987). Strategic Group Formation and Performance: The Case of the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry, 1963–1982. Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.33.9.1102
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
