Toxic potential of the plasticizer Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the context of its disposition and metabolism in primates and man
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Although human toxicity from exposure to the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is unknown, reports of animal toxicity from DEHP have stimulated extensive toxicological studies. In the absence of direct toxicity data, information on the disposition and metabolism of DEHP in primates and man may enhance our assessment of the toxic potential of DEHP in man. Studies of DEHP disposition and metabolism in the African Green monkey and man show that the compound is rapidly and extensively metabolized. It is excreted largely in the urine (greater than 90%) as conjugated (glucuronide) oxidation products of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; excretion in feces accounts for the other 10% of the administered DEHP. Plasma disappearance of parenterally administered DEHP is equally rapid so that by 24 hr following DEHP administration, plasma DEHP concentrations are virtually undetectable, while greater than 70% of the dose has been excreted in urine and stool. The transience of DEHP in primates and the extent to which it is metabolized and conjugated may play a role in the observed lack of toxicity.
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Phthalate metabolite distributions vary depending on the route of entry.
“Phthalate metabo lite distributions vary depending on the route of entry (Krais et al., 2018; Liss et al., 1985; Peck and Albro, 1982).”
From Human skin absorption of three phthalates (2024) · cites this paper as Peck and Albro, 1982
The sections on DEHP disposition in monkeys and humans (pp. 13–15) describe metabolite patterns after injection or infusion, but do not compare routes of entry. The paper notes a difference between monkey and human urinary metabolite patterns (p. 15); it does not attribute that difference to route. Searches for oral versus parenteral administration and route of entry found no route-based metabolite comparison. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Ye, X., Pierik, F. H., Hauser, R., Duty, S., Angerer, J., Park, M. M., Burdorf, A., Hofman, A., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Mackenbach, J. P., et al. (2008) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.014 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Human skin absorption of three phthalates
Hopf, N. B., De Luca, H. P., Borgatta, M., Koch, H. M., Pälmke, C., Benedetti, M., Berthet, A., & Reale, E. (2024) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.05.016 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
- Authors
- Peck, C. C., & Albro, P. W.
- ORCID
- Peck, C C
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 1982-11
- Volume
- 45
- Pages
- 11-17
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- PMC
- PMC1568993
- OpenAlex
- W2022108309
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- Locations
- Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer Science and PVC
- Keywords
- DEHP, plasticizers, pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, glucuronidation, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, urinary excretion, fecal excretion, plasma disappearance, vervet monkey, human, toxicity prediction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chlorocebus aethiops, Chemistry, Diethylhexyl Phthalate, Humans, Kinetics, Phthalic Acids, Chemical Phenomena
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