Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) in Canada: A Critical Analysis of the Exclusion of Vulnerable Populations
Open accessAbstract
Canadian medical assistance in dying (MAiD) legislation was introduced in 2016.Although Bill C-14 attempted to balance patient autonomy and the protection of the vulnerable, recent court challenges suggest that an ideal balance has not been achieved.Numerous advocacy initiatives as well as a parliamentary review currently focus on three specific populations: mature minors, patients requesting MAiD via an advance directive and patients with a mental illness as the sole underlying condition.This article approaches these issues from an ethical and legal lens.We first outline a policy review on existing MAiD legislation in 11 jurisdictions.We then use the Oakes test (a critical assessment tool in the Carter v Canada case) to determine whether the restrictions on the three above-mentioned groups are consistent with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.Finally, we consult our literature review to propose reasonable solutions that would be more consistent with the Charter. RésuméLa loi canadienne sur l' aide médicale à mourir (AMM) a été adoptée en 2016.Même si le projet de loi C-14 tentait d' assurer un équilibre entre autonomie du patient et protection des vulnérables, les récentes contestations judicaires portent à croire que l'idéal en matière d'équilibre n' a pas été atteint.Plusieurs initiatives de défense des droits, ainsi qu' une revue parlementaire, portent sur trois groupes de la population : les mineurs matures, les patients qui veulent pouvoir faire une demande anticipée d' AMM et les patients dont la maladie mentale est la seule condition sous-jacente.L' article aborde ces enjeux du point de vue éthique et juridique.En premier lieu, nous décrivons les politiques d' AMM en place dans 11 autorités sanitaires.Ensuite, nous employons les critères de l' arrêt Oakes (outil d'évaluation critique dans le dossier Carter c. Canada) pour déterminer si les restrictions touchant les trois groupes mentionnés ci-dessus sont conformes à la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés.Pour terminer, nous avons consulté notre revue de la littérature pour avancer des solutions raisonnables qui sont plus conformes à la Charte.
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References 9 · Cited by 9
- Authors
- Konder, R., & Christie, T.
- Affiliations
- Horizon Health Network (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Konder, Ricarda
- Venue
- Healthcare Policy | Politiques de Santé
- Publisher
- Longwoods Publishing
- Published
- 2019-11-29
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 28-38
- ISSN
- 1715-6572 (ISSN-L)
- 1715-6580
- PMC
- PMC7020802
- OpenAlex
- W3004224380
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Healthcare policy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation
- Dalhousie University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, Medicine and Society
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Medical and Health Sciences Research
- Keywords
- medical assistance in dying, vulnerable populations, mature minors, advance directives, mental illness, Bill C-14, Carter v. Canada, Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, patient autonomy, assisted dying legislation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Canada, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Legislation, Medical, Male, Middle Aged, Suicide, Assisted, Vulnerable Populations
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