A Two-stage wood chip-based biofilter system to mitigate odors from a deep-pit swine building
Open accessAbstract
A mobile biofilter testing laboratory was developed where two-stage biofilters filled with western cedar and hardwood chips were examined to treat odor emissions from a deep-pit swine finishing facility in central Iowa. An automatically controlled water supply system was tested and used to control media moisture content. Odor concentrations from theinlet and biofilter treatments, gas flow pressure drop, leachate pH and ammonia concentration, and water consumption were monitored.Results indicate that the water supply system tested in this study can keep wood chip media at a high and stablemoisture content of 72% 3% (western cedar) and 62% 3% (hardwood)with a 6.4 L/m3-day water supply. Western cedar (WC) chips achieved an average reduction efficiency of 51%, 83%, and 41% for odor, H2S, and NH3, respectively, when keeping the WC moisture content at 72% and the empty bed residence time (EBRT) between 3.7 and 5.5 s. A linear relationship between media unit pressure drop and unit airflow rate was observed with two-stage biofilters having an advantage in potentially reducing media compaction.Leachate pH and NH3 concentration were measured with pH levels in the 7.2 to 7.9 range with the NH3 concentration in the 198 to 1300 mg/L as N range.The effects of three different levels of media moisture content shows that proper moisture content is a key factor for the success of wood chip biofilters, but is not a substitute for inadequate EBRT.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The WB filler has the lowest possible porosity (~60 vol.%) compared to WS (~78 vol.%) and HS (~77 vol.%) fillers.
“the WB filler has the lowest possible porosity (~60 vol.% [37]) compared to WS (~78 vol.% [38]) and HS (~77 vol.% [39]) fillers”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 22
- Chen, L., and S. J. Hoff. 2009. Mitigating odors from agricultural facilities: A review of literature concerning biofilters. Applied Eng. in Agric. 25(5): 751-766.
- Chen, L., S. J. Hoff, L. Cai, J. Koziel, and B. Zelle. 2009. Evaluation of wood chip-based biofilters to reduce odor, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia from swine barn ventilation air. J. Air & Waste Mgmt. Assoc. 59(5): 520-530.
- Chen, L., S. J. Hoff, J. A. Koziel, L. Cai, B. Zelle, and G. Sun. 2008. Performance evaluation of a wood chip-based biofilter using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry-olfactometry. Bioresource Tech. 99(16): 7767-7780.
- Chung, Y. C., K. L. Ho, and C. P. Tseng. 2007. Two-stage biofilter for effective NH 3 removal from waste gases containing high concentrations of H 2 S. J. Air & Waste Mgmt. Assoc. 57(3): 337-347.
- Goldstein, N. 1996. Odor control experiences: Lessons from the biofilter. BioCycle 37(4): 70.
- Goldstein, N. 1999. Longer life for biofilters. BioCycle 40(7): 62.
- Hartung, E., T. Jungbluth, and W. Buscher. 2001. Reduction of ammonia and odor emissions from a piggery with biofilters. Trans. ASAE 44(1): 113-118.
- Horneck, D. A., and R. O. Miller. 1998. Determination of total nitrogen in plant tissue. In Handbook and Reference Methods for Plant Analysis,pp. 75-83.
- Janni, K. A., W. J. Maier, T. H. Kuehn, C. H. Yang, B. B. Bridges, and D. Vesley. 2001. Evaluation of biofiltration of air, an innovation air pollution control technology. ASHRAE Trans. 107(1): 198-214.
- Kastner, J. R., K. C. Das, and B. Crompton. 2004. Kinetics of ammonia removal in a pilot-scale biofilter. Trans. ASAE 47(5): 1867-1878.
- Leson, G., and A. M. Winer. 1991. Biofiltration: An innovative air pollution control technology for VOC emissions. J. Air & Waste Mgmt. Assoc. 41(8): 1045-1054.
- Lin, C. Y., P. H. Hesu, and D. H. Yang. 2001. Removal of hydrogen sulfide gas and landfill leachate treatment using coal bottom ash. J. Air & Waste Mgmt. Assoc. 51(6): 939-945.
- Nicolai, R. E., C. J. Clanton, K. A. Janni, and G. L. Malzer. 2006. Ammonia removal during biofiltration as affected by inlet air temperatura and media moisture content. Trans. ASAE 49(4): 1125-1138.
- Nicolai, R. E., and K. A. Janni. 2001b. Biofiltration media mixture ratio of wood chips and compost treating swine odors. Water Sci. Tech. 44(9): 261-267.
- Nicolai, R. E., and R. M. Lefers. 2006. Biofiters used to reduce emissions from livestock housing-a literature review. Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality, 952-960.
- O'Neill, D. H., and V. R. Phillips. 1992. A review of the control of odor nuisance from livestock buildings: Part 3, Properties of the odorous substances which have been identified in livestock wastes or in the air around them. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 53(1): 23- 50.
- Ottengraf, S. P. P., and A. H. C. Van Den Oever. 1983. Kinetics of organic compound removal from waste gases with a biological filter. Biotech. Bioeng.25(12): 3089-3102.
- Sheridan, B. A., T. P. Curran, and V. A. Dodd. 2002. Assessment of the influence of media particle size on the biofiltration of odorous exhaust ventilation air from a piggery facility. Bioresource Tech. 84(2): 129-143.
- Spencer, R., and C. Alix. 2003. Biofilter design, care and feeding. BioCycle 2003(1): 45-48. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21 st Edition. 2005. Washington, D.C.:APHA-AWWA-WEF.
- Swanson, W. J., and R. C. Loehr. 1997. Biofiltration: Fundamentals, design and operations principles, and applications. J. Environ. Eng. 123(6): 538-546.
- Sun, Y., C. J. Clanton, K. A. Janni, and G. L. Malzer. 2000. Sulfur and nitrogen balances in biofilters for odorous gas emission control. Trans. ASAE 43(6): 1861-1875.
- Williams, T. O., and F. C. Miller. 1992. Biofilters and facility operations. Part 2, Design and operational factors related to the use of biofilters at composting facilities include moisture, loading rates, oxygen content, pH and pressure drop. BioCycle: 33(11), 75-79.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Augaitis, N., Vaitkus, S., Członka, S., & Kairytė, A. (2020) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma13235336 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
- Authors
- Chen, L., & Hoff, S. J.
- ORCID
- S. J. Hoff
- Venue
- Applied Engineering in Agriculture
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 893-901
- ISSN
- 0883-8542 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-7838
- OpenAlex
- W2015511666
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lib.dr.iastate.edu
- Locations
- Applied Engineering in Agriculture (publishedVersion)
- Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- Iowa State University
- Iowa Pork Producers Association
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Process Chemistry and Technology › Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Landfill Environmental Impact Studies
- Keywords
- hardwood chips, water supply systems, empty bed residence time, hydrogen sulfide removal, ammonia removal, leachate pH, pressure drop
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
