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Effects of Imagery Training and Self-Talk towards State Anxiety and Archery Performance
Open accessAbstract
This study examined the effects of imagery training and instructional self-talk towards cognitive state anxiety, somatic state anxiety, self-confidence and archery performance of the Sports School Malaysia Pahang (SSMP) athletes in 2019. This study used a quasi-experimental design. The instrument consisted of Sport Imagery Ability Measure Questionnaire (SIAM), Belief in Self-Talk Questionnaire (BSQ) and Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R), and archery performance scores were considered as well. A total of 45 participants were randomly distributed into three experimental groups: Imagery (I) (n = 15), Imagery and Self-Talk (IST) (n = 15) and Self-Talk (ST) (n = 15). All groups underwent a six-week intervention of eighteen sessions, three times a week for one hour. Two Way Mixed MANOVA revealed significant differences between the three intervention groups. Imagery and Self-Talk (IST) group had a significant effect on decreasing state anxiety and increasing self-confidence as well as archery performance scores over two-time periods (pre and post-test). Such a result opens the way to the idea that, Imagery and Self-Talk (IST) group showed a better effect than study groups (ST) and (I). Factors that reduce state anxiety, increase self-confidence and archery performance, and explain the acceptance of interventions over one method will produce a more positive effect on participants. Imagery and instructional self-talk intervention can be used as a reference for sports psychology coaches to improve archery performance among athletes.
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“For example, studies by Bagherpour et al. [48] and Isar et al. [65] reported that interventions incorporating two psychological skills were more effective than those relying on a single technique.”
From The Effect of Different Psychological Interventions on Athletes' Competitive Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis. (2026) · cites this paper as [65]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Hidayat, Y., Yudiana, Y., Hambali, B., Sultoni, K., Üstün, Ü. D., & Singnoy, C. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01073-x · Cited by 51
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“For example, studies by Bagherpour et al. [48] and Isar et al. [65] reported that interventions incorporating two psychological skills were more effective than those relying on a single technique.”
Selian, S., Humaid, H., Sukur, A., Dlis, F., Simatupang, N., Rusdi, R., Dermawan, D. F., & Setiawan, E. (2023) · Health sport rehabilitation · doi:10.58962/hsr.2023.9.4.20-32 · Cited by 2
Çakır, L. Y., Ülker, İ., Sarı, M. U., Cin, M., & Uyanıker, S. S. U. (2025) · Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi · doi:10.25307/jssr.1614763 · Cited by 1
“As athletes learn to visualize successful performances and rehearse their techniques mentally, they may also cultivate a more resilient mindset, which is essential for navigating competitive environments' pressures (Hammond et al., 2012; Isar et al., 2022).”
How Fear Training and Other Unique Training Methods Help South Korea Maintain Dominance in Archery?
Lee, I., & Dobrich, O. (2023) · Journal of Student Research · doi:10.47611/jsrhs.v12i3.4959
“The results showed that the mean pretest score in the imagery group was 254.73, while the mean post test score was 271.40 (Isar et. al., 2022).”
BackgroundInfluentialAccessing The Imagery Mental Traning among Athletes in Kolej Profesional MARA Indera Mahkota
Hussain, K., & Pa, W. A. M. W. (2024) · International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development · doi:10.6007/ijarped/v13-i1/20929
Shapri, J. @. A., Wazir, M. R. W. N., & Nazarudin, M. N. (2026) · International Journal of Education Psychology and Counseling · doi:10.35631/ijepc.1162066
Metadata
- Authors
- Isar, M. A. H. M., Rasyid, N. M., & Aziz, S. A.
- Affiliations
- Sultan Idris Education University (MY)
- Venue
- International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences
- Published
- 2022-08
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4A
- Pages
- 41-45
- ISSN
- 2331-6233 (ISSN-L)
- 2381-4381
- 2381-4403
- OpenAlex
- W4295798595
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- International journal of human movement and sports sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Sports and Physical Education Research
- Keywords
- imagery training, instructional self-talk, state anxiety, archery performance, self-confidence, cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, sport psychology intervention, archery athletes
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