Early maladaptive schemas and personality disorder symptoms: An examination in a non-clinical sample
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the overall and specific relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and personality disorder (PD) symptoms in a non-clinical sample. DESIGN: While a notable previous study has examined the relationship between EMSs and PD symptoms after statistically controlling for gender and within-cluster PD symptoms, they did not control for comorbid axis I and inter-cluster PD symptoms. Hence, we redressed this methodological problem by statistically controlling for these conditions in a series of multiple regressions. METHODS: In a sample of 178 non-clinical participants, we obtained self-reports of PD symptoms, depression, anxiety, eating disorder, and EMSs. RESULTS: Results of a series of multiple regressions found that EMSs significantly predicted all PD symptoms apart from borderline and antisocial PDs and our hypotheses were largely consistent with hypotheses for cluster A and C PDs. We also found that specific EMSs differentially predicted PD subtypes even after controlling for other PD symptoms, depression, anxiety, and eating disorder symptoms. CONCLUSION: This study supports the contention that PDs are related to EMSs and there are specific relationships between particular EMSs and particular PDs.
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Early maladaptive schemas mediate the link between early life experiences and the emergence of personality disorders.
“These schemas have been found to mediate the link between early life experiences and the emergence of personality disorders (16).”
From Timing of imagery rescripting during schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: the LUCY trial (2023) · cites this paper as [16]
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References 45 · Cited by 72
- Authors
- Carr, S. N., & Francis, A. J. P.
- Affiliations
- RMIT University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Carr, Steven N.
- Venue
- Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 333-349
- ISSN
- 1476-0835 (ISSN-L)
- 2044-8341
- OpenAlex
- W2145559103
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- early maladaptive schemas, personality disorder symptoms, non-clinical sample, borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, Cluster A personality disorders, cluster C personality disorders, depression, anxiety, eating disorder symptoms, comorbidities
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Personality Disorders, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Sex Characteristics, Young Adult, Binge-Eating Disorder
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