Sex mortality differences in The United States: The role of cohort smoking patterns
Abstract
This article demonstrates that over the period 1948–2003, sex differences in mortality in the age range 50–84 widened and then narrowed on a cohort basis rather than on a period basis. The cohort with the maximum excess of male mortality was born shortly after the turn of the century. Three separate data sources suggest that the turnaround in sex mortality differences is consistent with sex differences in cigarette smoking by cohort. An age-period-cohort model reveals a highly significant effect of smoking histories on men’s and women’s mortality. Combined with recent changes in smoking patterns, the model suggests that sex differences in mortality will narrow dramatically in coming decades.
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The lung cancer mortality pattern underscores the role of cigarette smoking exposures in these cohorts.
“underscores the role of cigarette smoking exposures in these cohorts (18).”
From Insights into US life expectancy stagnation from birth cohort mortality dynamics (2026) · cites this paper as [18]
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References 37 · Cited by 321
- Authors
- Preston, S. H., & Wang, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- Demography
- Publisher
- Duke University Press
- Published
- 2006-11-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 631-646
- ISSN
- 0070-3370 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-7790
- OpenAlex
- W2033706128
- Cited by
- 321
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 27.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Demography (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p30ag012836-30)
- National Institute on Aging (P30-AG-012836, P30 AG 12836)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Keywords
- sex differences in mortality, cohort effects, cigarette smoking, smoking patterns, age-period-cohort model, older adults, smoking history, mortality trends
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Life Expectancy, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Sex Factors, Smoking, United States, Cohort Studies, Health Behavior, Prevalence, Risk Assessment
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