The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
“Crouching Tigers, Secret Weapons: Military Technology Employed during the Sino-Japanese-Korean War, 1592-1598.”
Abstract
The Japanese invasion of Korea (1592-98) has recently been called Asia's first "regional world war." It marked the first time in Asian history that massive armies equipped with modern weaponry faced one another on the field of battle. The Japanese armies commanded by the warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi were arguably the most skilled in the world at the time, yet in the end the Japanese were defeated by a Sino-Korean alliance in tandem with Korean guerrillas. Looking at the primary documents of the war, it seems apparent that military technology was the single most important, but not the only, factor that shaped the direction and determined the outcome of the war. This article presents an overview of some of the major military technologies utilized by the belligerents and challenges conventional interpretations of the conflict, passed down through the centuries, that claim Japan's defeat was due to superior allied numbers and Hideyoshi's death.
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In the citing paper
“The Chinese brought artillery that dwarfed Japanese firepower in set-piece battles.”
From Big Heads and Buddhist Demons: The Korean Musketry Revolution and the Northern Expeditions of 1654 and 1658 (2014) · cites this paper as Swope 2005, 16-18
In the citing paper
“Further, their Southern Troops ( 南兵 ), infantrymen drilled in the revolutionary tactics of the Chinese general Qi Jiguang 戚繼光 , were lethal to the Japanese.$^{4}$^{9}”
From Big Heads and Buddhist Demons: The Korean Musketry Revolution and the Northern Expeditions of 1654 and 1658 (2014) · cites this paper as Swope 2005, 16-18
In the citing paper
“The war escalated further when Ming China sent auxiliary troops and helped turn the tide of the war.”
From Big Heads and Buddhist Demons: The Korean Musketry Revolution and the Northern Expeditions of 1654 and 1658 (2014) · cites this paper as Swope 2005, 16-18
Citations
Cites
The Military Revolution: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West, 1500-1800
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Bernstein, L., & de Ven, H. J. V. (2001) · The Journal of Military History · doi:10.2307/2677535 · Cited by 82
Black, J. (2005) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203995136-4 · Cited by 74
Deceit, Disguise, and Dependence: China, Japan, and the Future of the Tributary System, 1592–1596
Swope, K. M. (2002) · The International History Review · doi:10.1080/07075332.2002.9640980 · Cited by 51
Self-citationGiving Up the Gun: Japan’s Reversion to the Sword, 1543–1879
Perrin, N. (2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478007135-072 · Cited by 41
Japonius Tyrannus: The Japanese Warlord Oda Nobunaga Reconsidered
Totman, C. D., & Lamers, J. P. (2001) · Monumenta Nipponica · doi:10.2307/3096794 · Cited by 23
Armed Martial Arts of Japan: Swordsmanship and Archery
Conlan, T. D., & Hurst, G. C. (1999) · Monumenta Nipponica · doi:10.2307/2668291 · Cited by 21
Haboush, J. K. (2003) · The Journal of Asian Studies · doi:10.2307/3096244 · Cited by 16
Hauser, W. B. (1983) · Cited by 12
All Men are not Brothers: Ethnic Identity and Dynastic Loyalty in the Ningxia Mutiny of 1592
Swope, K. M. (2003) · Late imperial China · doi:10.1353/late.2003.0010 · Cited by 10
Self-citationA FEW GOOD MEN: THE LI FAMILY AND CHINA'S NORTHERN FRONTIER IN THE LATE MING
Swope, K. M. (2004) · Ming Studies · doi:10.1179/014703704788762907 · Cited by 9
Self-citationJapanese Expansion on the Asiatic Continent.
Voss, G., & Kuno, Y. S. (1941) · The Far Eastern Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2049083 · Cited by 7
Underwood, H. H. (1979) · Cited by 7
Admiral Yi Sun-shin and his turtleboat armada
Park, Y.-H. (1973) · Cited by 3
柳, 成., & Choi, B. (2002) · Cited by 2
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lee, J. (2013) · Journal of East Asian Studies · doi:10.1017/s1598240800003957 · Cited by 62
Kang, D. C. (2019) · International Organization · doi:10.1017/s0020818319000274 · Cited by 52
WHY MILITARY INSTITUTIONS MATTER FOR MING HISTORY
Robinson, D. M. (2017) · Journal of Chinese History · doi:10.1017/jch.2016.36 · Cited by 40
Migrants and Mutineers: The Rebellion of Kong Youde and Seventeenth-Century Northeast Asia
Agnew, C. S. (2009) · Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient · doi:10.1163/156852009x458232 · Cited by 31
Zurndorfer, H. T. (2016) · International Journal of Asian Studies · doi:10.1017/s1479591415000194 · Cited by 32
Metadata
- Authors
- Swope, K.
- Corresponding author
- Swope, Kenneth
- ORCID
- Swope, Kenneth
- Venue
- The Journal of Military History
- Publisher
- Project MUSE
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11-41
- ISSN
- 0899-3718 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-7795
- OpenAlex
- W2044495819
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 13.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Military History (publishedVersion)
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Japanese History and Culture
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Military history and social perspectives
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Military History and Strategy
- Keywords
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi, military technology, early modern warfare, Japanese defeat
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