Achieving flexible low-scattering metasurface based on randomly distribution of meta-elements
Open accessAbstract
In the paper, a flexible low-scattering metasurface is proposed and realized. The layout is composed of similar "#" shaped elements with variable sizes which are randomly distributed along the surface. The various dimensions of the meta-elements lead to different reflection phases for the meta-elements with respect to the incident plane wave, resulting a diffuse reflection surface and exhibiting a broadband backward low-scattering property. In consideration of the flexibility, metasurfaces composed of printed metallic element films attaching with flexible substrate are designed, fabricated and measured in microwave domain. The measurement results show that 10dB radar cross section (RCS) reduction is obtained across the X-band by coating them to either metallic plates or metallic cylinders with only 1/8 working wavelength thickness. We think that the proposed flexible metasurface is applicable to other frequency bands and can be applied in EM stealth technology.
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Measurements indicated that coating a cylindrical metal surface with an FIM can reduce the radar cross-section by 10 dB across the X band.
“Measurements indicated that coating a cylindrical metal surface with an FIM can reduce the radar cross-section by 10 dB across the X band [125].”
From Emerging Technologies in Intelligent Metasurfaces: Shaping the Future of Wireless Communications (2026) · cites this paper as [125]
The paper’s “Fabrication and measurement” section reports that measured results agreed with 10 dB RCS reductions for metasurface-coated metal cylinders over frequency ranges spanning the X band. But it specifies that these are *backward* RCS reductions and says the total average reduction is lower; the claim omits that directional limitation. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBy randomly arranging metallic patches, FIMs can significantly reduce specular reflection at various angles of incidence.
“For example, by randomly arranging metallic patches, the authors of [124], [125] showed that FIMs can significantly reduce specular reflection at various angles of incidence.”
From Emerging Technologies in Intelligent Metasurfaces: Shaping the Future of Wireless Communications (2026) · cites this paper as [125]
The Introduction and Theoretical design and analysis sections describe randomly distributed metallic meta-elements that redirect reflected energy and reduce backward scattering. The Fabrication and measurement section reports nearly 10 dB backward RCS reduction for coated plates, but discusses different incident polarizations and frequencies, not reductions at various angles of incidence. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
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Emerging Technologies in Intelligent Metasurfaces: Shaping the Future of Wireless Communications
An, J., Debbah, M., Cui, T. J., Chen, Z. N., & Yuen, C. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · doi:10.1109/tap.2025.3571069 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“Measurements indicated that coating a cylindrical metal surface with an FIM can reduce the radar cross section by 10 dB across the X band [125].”
Emerging Technologies in Intelligent Metasurfaces: Shaping the Future of Wireless Communications
An, J., Debbah, M., Cui, T. J., Chen, Z. N., & Yuen, C. (2024) · arXiv · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“Measurements indicated that coating a cylindrical metal surface with an FIM can reduce the radar cross section by 10 dB across the X band [125].”
- Authors
- Zhao, J., Sima, B., Jia, N., Wang, C., Zhu, B., Jiang, T., & Feng, Y.
- Affiliations
- Nanjing University (CN)
- Venue
- Optics Express
- Publisher
- Optica Publishing Group
- Published
- 2016-11-21
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 27849
- ISSN
- 1094-4087 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2550620481
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 11.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Optics Express (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE) (20110091120052, 20120091110032)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (61301017, 61371034, 61571216, 61571218)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis
- Keywords
- flexible metasurface, radar cross section reduction, diffuse reflectance, backscattering, microwave metasurfaces, flexible substrates, electromagnetic stealth, X-band
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